{"id":191,"date":"2021-06-13T18:03:48","date_gmt":"2021-06-14T01:03:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stage.web.wsu.edu\/path-team\/?page_id=191"},"modified":"2024-10-21T10:50:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T17:50:15","slug":"swiss-chard","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/swiss-chard\/","title":{"rendered":"Swiss Chard"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wsu-row  wsu-color-background--gray-5 wsu-row--thirds\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta  wsu-cta--width-inline\" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#Diseases\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tDiseases\t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta  wsu-cta--width-inline\" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#InsMite\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tInsect\/Mite Pests\t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta  wsu-cta--width-inline\" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#Abiotic\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tAbiotic Problems\t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"home\">Diseases<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--halves\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Ramularia\">Ramularia leaf spot<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Rhizoctonia\">Rhizoctonia basal petiole and crown infection<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\">Insect\/Mite Pests<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--thirds\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Aphids\">Aphids<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Lygus\">Lygus bugs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Springtails\">Springtails<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\">Abiotic Problems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Herbicide\">Herbicide Injury<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">(Click on photo to enlarge)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"Diseases\">Diseases<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Ramularia\">Ramularia leaf spot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Ramularia leaf spot<br><strong>Pathogen<\/strong>:&nbsp;<em>Ramularia beticola<\/em><br><strong>Host crops<\/strong>: Most vegetables in the Chenopodiaceae, i.e., sugar beet,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/beet\/#Ramularia\">table beet<\/a>, and Swiss chard.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/dg7l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg7L.jpg\" alt=\"showing leaf spots on Swiss chard\" class=\"wp-image-626\" width=\"159\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg7L.jpg 400w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg7L-396x594.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 159px) 100vw, 159px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ramularia leaf spot on Swiss chard leaves.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>D.A. Inglis,\nWashington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-3L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"two-celled hyaline spores of Ramularia beticola\" class=\"wp-image-629\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-3L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-3L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Two-celled, hyaline spores of <i>Ramularia beticola <\/i>from an infected Swiss chard leaf.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit,\nWashington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/dg6l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg6L.jpg\" alt=\"Swiss chard leaves having ramularia spots\" class=\"wp-image-625\" width=\"152\" height=\"239\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ramularia leaf spot on Swiss chard leaves.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>D.A. Inglis,\nWashington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-1L.jpg\" alt=\"discrete, circular, necrotic lesions of Ramularia leaf spot\" class=\"wp-image-627\" width=\"174\" height=\"239\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Typical large, necrotic leaf spots caused by <i>Ramularia beticola<\/i> on a leaf sampled from a Swiss chard seed crop.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit,\nWashington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-2L-396x527.jpg\" alt=\"Swiss chard seed crop sample having necrotic lesions\" class=\"wp-image-628\" width=\"198\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-2L-396x527.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-ramularia-leaf-spot-2L.jpg 413w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Discrete, circular, necrotic lesions of Ramularia leaf spot on a leaf sampled from a Swiss chard seed crop.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit,\nWashington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/beet-red-beta-vulgaris-ramularia-leaf-spot\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) \u2013 Ramularia Leaf Spot<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Rhizoctonia\">Rhizoctonia basal petiole and crown infection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Rhizoctonia basal petiole and crown infection<br><strong>Pathogens<\/strong>: <em>Rhizoctonia<\/em><br><b>Host crops<\/b>: Many vegetables are susceptible to infection by&nbsp;<em>Rhizoctonia&nbsp;<\/em>spp., which are common soilborne fungi. In&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/beet\/#Rhizoctonia\">beet<\/a>&nbsp;and Swiss chard, these fungi can infect the base of petioles and the crown or main root at or below the soil surface, particularly in moist soil conditions. During very wet conditions, infection can also occur on the leaves.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/beta-rhizoctonia-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-1L-396x296.jpg\" alt=\"Rhizoctonia on Chard seed crop.\" class=\"wp-image-632\" width=\"198\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-1L-396x296.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-1L.jpg 1361w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Severe root and crown symptoms caused by infection of plants in a Swiss chard seed crop by Rhizoctonia.<br>\n<strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/beta-rhizoctonia-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-2L-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Swiss chard Rhizoc lesion.\" class=\"wp-image-633\" width=\"126\" height=\"168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-2L-scaled-1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-2L-scaled-1-396x528.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 126px) 100vw, 126px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Lesion at the base of a Swiss chard petiole caused by <i>Rhizoctonia.<\/i><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/beta-rhizoctonia-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-3L-396x332.jpg\" alt=\"Rhizoctonia on Chard foliar lesions.\" class=\"wp-image-634\" width=\"198\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-3L-396x332.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-3L.jpg 1309w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Swiss chard foliar lesions caused by<i>Rhizoctonia.<\/i><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/beta-rhizoctonia-4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-4L-396x603.jpg\" alt=\"Rhizoctonia on Chard closeup\" class=\"wp-image-635\" width=\"122\" height=\"186\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-4L-396x603.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/beta-rhizoctonia-4L.jpg 909w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 122px) 100vw, 122px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Severe root, crown, and petiole infection by <i>Rhizoctonia<\/i> on a Swiss chard plant.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Online Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/beet-red-beta-vulgaris-rhizoctonia-root-rot-pocket-rot\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"InsMite\">Insect\/Mite Pests<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Aphids\">Aphids<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common name<\/strong>: Aphids (various types)<br><strong>Latin binomial<\/strong>:&nbsp;<em>Aphis fabae&nbsp;<\/em>(bean aphid),&nbsp;<em>Myzus persicae&nbsp;<\/em>(green peach aphid)<br><strong>Host crops<\/strong>: Table beet, sugar beet, Swiss chard, and various other vegetable and weed plant species.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-aphids-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-aphids-1L.jpg\" alt=\"Aphids in a Swiss chard-1\" class=\"wp-image-2838\" width=\"158\" height=\"218\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Aphids in a Swiss chard seed crop. Note the blackened stems and leaves as a result of sooty mold fungi growing on the honeydew exudate (sugary, sticky exudate) produced by the aphids.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-aphids-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-aphids-2L.jpg\" alt=\"Aphids in a Swiss chard-2\" class=\"wp-image-2839\" width=\"164\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-aphids-2L.jpg 600w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-aphids-2L-396x528.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 164px) 100vw, 164px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Close-up image of aphids on a Swiss chard plant in a seed crop. Note the blackened stems and leaves as a result of sooty mold fungi growing on the honeydew exudate (sugary, sticky exudate) produced by the aphids, as well as the shriveled white cast \u2018skins\u2019 produced by aphids as they moult.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Online Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/insect\/vegetable\/vegetable-pests\/hosts-pests\/chard-swiss-aphid\">chard-swiss-aphid<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Lygus\">Lygus bugs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Common name<\/strong>:&nbsp;Lygus bugs<br><strong>Latin binomial<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Lygus<\/i>&nbsp;spp.<br><b>Host crops<\/b>: Numerous different species of vegetables and other crops, e.g., alfalfa, beet, cabbage,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/carrot\/#Lygusbugs\">carrot<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/potato\/#Lygusbug\">potato<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/spinach\/#bugs\">spinach<\/a>, Swiss chard, etc. Lygus bugs can cause different types of damage to various growth stages of different crops. They cause blackheart on celery, blasting on flower tissues, collapse of asparagus spears, decreased yields in carrot, beet, spinach, and other seed crops, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-1L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"damage to swiss chard from lygus bug feeding-1\" class=\"wp-image-2840\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-1L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-1L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black streaks on the main stem, and black discoloration and dieback of the buds at the tip of a flowering plant from a Swiss chard seed crop in western Washington, resulting from feeding injury caused by lygus bugs.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Bev Gerdeman, WSU Entomologist<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-5l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-5L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"lygus bug on a Swiss chard plant-3\" class=\"wp-image-1156\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-5L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-5L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A lygus bug on a Swiss chard plant. Note the wing pads developing on the insect.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Bev Gerdeman, WSU Entomologist<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-2L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"damage to swiss chard from lygus bug feeding-2\" class=\"wp-image-2841\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-2L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-2L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Bev Gerdeman, WSU Entomologist<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-3L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"lygus bug-1\" class=\"wp-image-2842\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-3L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-3L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Bev Gerdeman, WSU Entomologist<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swiss-chard-lygus-bug-4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-4L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"lygus bug-2\" class=\"wp-image-2843\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-4L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swiss-chard-lygus-bug-4L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Bev Gerdeman, WSU Entomologist<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/insect\/vegetable\/vegetable-pests\/common-vegetable\/vegetable-crop-lygus-bug\" target=\"blank\">Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook: Vegetable crop pests \u2013 Lygus bug<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Springtails\">Springtails<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Common name<\/strong>:&nbsp;Springtails&nbsp;(subterranean types)<br><strong>Latin binomial<\/strong>: Order Collembola. There are numerous types of springtails or collembola, which are divided into two groups \u2013 subterranean springtails and surface springtails.<br><b>Host crops<\/b>: Multiple vegetables, but most damage has been reported on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/spinach\/#Springtails\">spinach<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/beet\/#Springtails\">beets<\/a>, primarily in heavier, organic soils during very wet, cool spring conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/spinach-springtails-4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/spinach-springtails-4L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"springtail extracted from soil in a spinach seed crop\" class=\"wp-image-657\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/spinach-springtails-4L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/spinach-springtails-4L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A subterranean springtail extracted from soil in a spinach seed crop.<br><strong>\nPhoto Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/spinach-springtails-5l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/spinach-springtails-5L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"springtail \" class=\"wp-image-658\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/spinach-springtails-5L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/spinach-springtails-5L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A subterranean springtail extracted from soil in a spinach seed crop.<br><strong>\nPhoto Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/08\/Springtails-in-sugarbeet-Boete-et-al-2001-NDSU-E-1205.pdf\">Springtails Springtails in Sugarbeet: Identification, Biology, and Management (pdf)<\/a>. North Dakota State University, Fargo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sbreb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Subterranean-1.pdf\">Control of Subterranean Springtails in Sugarbeet Using Granular, Liquid, and Seed Treatment Insecticides (pdf)<\/a>. North Dakota State University, Fargo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canr.msu.edu\/fieldcropsent\/uploads\/files\/12SpringtailsBeet.pdf\">Springtail feeding on emerging crops (especially sugarbeet) (pdf)<\/a>. Michigan State University.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cropscience.bayer.co.uk\/threats\/pest-and-slugs\/springtail\/\">Pest: Springtail<\/a>. Pest Spotter, Bayer CropScience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"Abiotic\">Abiotic Problems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Herbicide\">Herbicide Injury<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Problem<\/strong>: Injury from application of specific herbicides to certain parent lines in seed crops, higher rates of application of some herbicides, or application of tank mixes (combinations) of some herbicides.<br><strong>Crops affected<\/strong>: Some table beet and Swiss chard parent lines are more sensitive than others to injury by specific herbicides, even when these products are applied at recommended (labeled) rates; or injury can occur when higher rates of certain herbicides are applied to beet and chard crops; or injury may occur when certain herbicides are applied in tank-mix combinations.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swisschard-herbicide-injury-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swisschard-herbicide-injury-1L.jpg\" alt=\"swisschard herrbicide injury-1\" class=\"wp-image-2846\" width=\"198\" height=\"250\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Symptomatic plants from a Swiss chard seed crop resulting from injury after application of a combination of herbicides.<br><strong>\nPhoto Source: <\/strong>Swiss chard seed grower<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swisschard-herbicide-injury-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swisschard-herbicide-injury-2L.jpg\" alt=\"swisschard herrbicide injury-2\" class=\"wp-image-2847\" width=\"198\" height=\"250\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Symptomatic plants from a Swiss chard seed crop resulting from injury after application of a combination of herbicides.<br><strong>\nPhoto Source: <\/strong>Swiss chard seed grower<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/swisschard-herbicide-injury-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/Swisschard-herbicide-injury-3L.jpg\" alt=\"swisschard herrbicide injury-3\" class=\"wp-image-2848\" width=\"198\" height=\"250\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Symptomatic plants from a Swiss chard seed crop resulting from injury after application of a combination of herbicides.<br><strong>\nPhoto Source: <\/strong>Swiss chard seed grower<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Online Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/herbicidesymptoms.ipm.ucanr.edu\/\">Herbicide Symptoms<\/a>, University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Hcide-modes-of-action-and-symptoms-on-plants-R-Smith-UCCE.pdf\">Herbicide Modes and Action and Symptoms on Plants (pdf)<\/a>, Richard Smith, Farm Advisor, University of California Cooperative Extension.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-callout  wsu-border--add-top\" >\r\n        \n<div class=\"wsu-note\">\n\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wsu-note__title\">\n\t\t\tPDF Accessibility\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\">If you need the content provided on this site in an alternate format or for further information on the Vegetable Seed Pathology program, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\">please contact:&nbsp;<strong>Lindsey du Toit at&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:dutoit@wsu.edu\">dutoit@wsu.edu<\/a>&nbsp;or at 360-848-6140<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<section  class=\"wsu-section wsu-width--full\"  >\r\n    <div class=\"wsu-section__inner wsu-width--content\">    \n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero wsu-spacing-after--none wsu-spacing-bottom--none wsu-spacing-before--default\">Our pages provide links to external sites for the convenience of users. WSU Extension does not manage these external sites, nor does Extension review, control, or take responsibility for the content of these sites. These external sites do not implicitly or explicitly represent official positions and policies of WSU Extension.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div><\/section>\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diseases[action label=&quot;Insect\/Mite Pests&quot; link=&quot;https:\/\/stage.web.wsu.edu\/path-team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/swiss-chard\/#Insect\/Mite Pests&quot; style=&quot;in-page-action&quot; ]Ramularia leaf spotRhizoctonia basal petiole and crown infection Insect\/Mite PestsAphidsLygus bugsSpringtailsAbiotic Problems Herbicide Injury(Click on photo to enlarge) Diseases Ramularia leaf spot Disease:\u00a0Ramularia leaf spot Pathogen:\u00a0Ramularia beticola Host crops:&amp;hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":52,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_expiration_date":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=191"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8314,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/191\/revisions\/8314"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=191"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}