{"id":117,"date":"2021-06-13T17:48:30","date_gmt":"2021-06-14T00:48:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stage.web.wsu.edu\/path-team\/?page_id=117"},"modified":"2024-10-20T21:35:53","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T04:35:53","slug":"radish","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/radish\/","title":{"rendered":"Radish"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wsu-row  wsu-color-background--gray-5 wsu-row--sidebar-right\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta \" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#General\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tGeneral Disease Management in Radish\t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta  wsu-cta--width-inline\" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#Diseases6\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tDiseases\t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"home\">Diseases<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--halves\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Blackleg\">Black leg<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#Blackrot\">Black rot<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Clubroot\">Club root<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#Whiterust\">White rust<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">(Click on photo to enlarge)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"General\">General Disease Management in Radish<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/santamariaseeds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Crucifer_Disease_Guide.pdf\">Crucifer Disease Guide (pdf)<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; A Practical Guide for Seedsmen, Growers and Agricultural Advisors. Published by Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc.\u2019s Plant Health Department and Seed Health Departments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"95\">Small-Scale Cost-Effective Hot Water Seed Treatment<\/a> &#8211; Reduce the risk of seed-borne diseases, especially for organic\u00a0<em>Brassica<\/em>\u00a0growers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"Diseases6\">Diseases<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Blackleg\">Black leg<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Black leg<br><strong>Pathogens<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Phoma lingam&nbsp;<\/i>(sexual stage =<i>&nbsp;Leptosphaeria maculans<\/i>)<br><strong>Host crops:<\/strong>&nbsp;Most members of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) = cabbage family, including&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/broccoli\/#Blackleg\">broccoli<\/a>, Brussels sprouts,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/#Black\">cabbage<\/a>, canola,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/cauliflower\/#Black\">cauliflower<\/a>, various Chinese brassica vegetables, collard, kale, mizuna, mustard, oilseed rape, oilseed turnip rape, rutabaga, turnip, etc.),&nbsp;<em>Sinapis<\/em>&nbsp;(white and yellow mustard), and&nbsp;<em>Raphanus<\/em>&nbsp;(daikon and&nbsp;radish). Several wild species exist that may be infected by&nbsp;<em>P. lingam<\/em>&nbsp;including&nbsp;<em>Descurainia&nbsp;<\/em>(tansymustard),&nbsp;<em>Sisymbrium<\/em>&nbsp;(hedge mustard), and&nbsp;<em>Thlaspi<\/em>&nbsp;(penny-cress). This is a quarantine disease in six counties in northwestern WA and all counties east of the Cascade Mountains because of the risk of this pathogen to the brassica vegetable seed industry.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/05cablst-hypocotyl-infection-with-pycnidia\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-1L-396x181.jpg\" alt=\"hypocotyl infection with pycnidia\" class=\"wp-image-680\" width=\"198\" height=\"91\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-1L-396x181.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-1L.jpg 1265w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black leg symptoms on a cabbage seedling grown from an infested seed lot. Note the small, black fruiting bodies (pycnidia) on the hypocotyl of the seedling.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/05cablst-growout-trial-cotyledon-symptoms\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-2L-396x561.jpg\" alt=\"Black leg infection of a cabbage seedling\" class=\"wp-image-681\" width=\"154\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-2L-396x561.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-2L.jpg 1049w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 154px) 100vw, 154px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black leg infection of the cotyledon of a cabbage seedling grown from an infested seed lot. Note the small, black fruiting bodies (pycnidia) on the cotyledon.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-leg-oozing-pycnidia\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-3L.jpg\" alt=\"growout trial \u2013 cotyledon symptoms on a brassicaceae plant\" class=\"wp-image-682\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-3L.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-3L-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pycnidia of Phoma lingam on the base of the stem of a Brassica rapa plant, showing pink cirrhi oozing out of each pycnidium, containing thousands of conidia. The conidia are readily splash-dispersed.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4L-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Black leg symptoms at stem of an infected plant\" class=\"wp-image-683\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4L-scaled-1.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4L-scaled-1-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black leg lesion at the base of the stem of an infected plant from a <i>Brassica rapa <\/i>seed crop. Note the small, black pycnidia embedded in the lesion.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Cynthia Ocamb, Oregon State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/phoma-leaf-spot-cindy-ocamb\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-5L-scaled-1-396x296.jpg\" alt=\"Phoma leaf spot \u2013 Cindy Ocamb\" class=\"wp-image-684\" width=\"198\" height=\"148\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Phoma leaf spot lesion with tiny, black pycnidia present in the necrotic, circular lesion, surrounded by a narrow, chlorotic (yellow) halo.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/phoma-lingam-seed-assay-cauliflower-19x\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"396\" height=\"294\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-6L-396x294.jpg\" alt=\"Phoma lingam seed assay\" class=\"wp-image-2188\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black pycnidia of the black leg fungus,<i> Phoma lingam<\/i>, on an infected cauliflower seed. Note the amethyst-colored cirrhi (gelatinous matrix) oozing from the pycnidia, which indicates the strain of the pathogen is virulent (able to cause Phoma leaf spot or black leg of brassicas).<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nkaHFrE_1D4?list=PL2293EFB3CF9C70E4\">Video: Blackleg Disease and Resistance Management. Published by the Canola Council of Canada.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/cabbage-cauliflower-brassica-sp-black-leg-phoma-stem-canker\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Cabbage and Cauliflower (<em>Brassica&nbsp;<\/em>sp.)-Black Leg and Phoma Root Rot<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/seed-crop-crucifers-brassica-raphanus-spp-black-leg\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook:&nbsp;<\/a>Seed Crop, Crucifers (Brassica and Raphanus spp.)-Black Leg.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Black-leg-in-Brassiceae-2014-2-pp-alert-6-12-14.pdf\">Black leg in Brassicaceae crops and wild crucifers: 2014 outbreak in the Willamette Valley of Oregon (pdf)<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Crucifer_mtg-OSU_NWREC-CindyOcamb-9Sep2014.pdf\">Black Leg, Light Leaf Spot, and White Leaf Spot (pdf)<\/a>, Cynthia Ocamb, PhD., Plant Pathologist, OSU Extension, Associate Professor&#8211;Botany &amp; Plant Pathology.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/CruciferMtgOSU-NWREC-9112014-DavidPriebe-ODA.pdf\">Fungicides for Control of Black Leg (pdf)<\/a>, David Priebe, Pesticides Program, Oregon Department of Agriculture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Addressing Blackleg in the Willamette Valley:&nbsp;<\/strong>Oregon Department of Agriculture permanent ruling released on black leg of brassicaceae in January 2015 \u2013 see the Brassica Production Districts document, and the OSDA Permanent Ruling document titled \u2018Crucifer blackleg disease requirements moved into one regulation; removes same requirements from rapeseed production districts,\u2019 below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/603-2015113Permanent.pdf\">Oregon Secretary of State Certificate and Order for Filing (pdf)<\/a>&nbsp;&#8211; PERMANENT ADMINISTRATIVE RULES: Crucifer blackleg disease requirements moved into one regulation; removes same requirements from rapeseed production districts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/OAR603-052-0860thru0888and0921_01132015.pdf\">Brassicaceae Production Districts and Rapeseed Control Areas (pdf)<\/a>&nbsp;(603-052-0860), Oregon Department of Agriculture.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Clinic-closeup-Black-leg-management-in-Brassica-seed-crops-and-oilseed-Jan-2015-version-II-2.pdf\">Management of Black Leg in Oregon on Brassica seed crops (pdf)<\/a>, a Clinic Close-up, Oregon State University Extension Service.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Clinic-closeup-Black-leg-management-in-Brassica-vegetable-seed-Jan-2015-version-II.pdf\">Management of Black Leg in Oregon on Vegetable Brassica Crops and Seed Crops (pdf)<\/a>, a Clinic Close-up, Oregon State University Extension Service.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Blackrot\">Black rot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Black rot<br><strong>Pathogens<\/strong>:&nbsp;<em>Xanthomonas campestris<\/em>&nbsp;<em>pv.<\/em>&nbsp;<em>campestris<\/em><br><b>Host crops<\/b>: Most members of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) = cabbage family, including&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/broccoli\/#Blackrot\">broccoli<\/a>, Brussels sprouts,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/#Blackrot\">cabbage<\/a>, canola,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/cauliflower\/#Blackrot\">cauliflower<\/a>, various Chinese brassica vegetables, collard, kale, mizuna, mustard, oilseed rape, oilseed turnip rape, rutabaga, turnip, etc.),<em>&nbsp;Sinapis<\/em>&nbsp;(white and yellow mustard), and&nbsp;<em>Raphanus&nbsp;<\/em>(daikon and&nbsp;radish). Most&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/brassicaceae-cruciferous-weeds\/#Blackrot\">wild species<\/a>&nbsp;can be infected by this pathogen. This is a quarantine disease in parts of six counties in northwestern Washington because of the risk of this pathogen to the brassica vegetable seed industry.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot1L-396x277.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-1\" class=\"wp-image-700\" width=\"198\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot1L-396x277.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot1L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cabbage black rot symptoms of marginal chlorosis and v-shaped lesions extending into the leaf.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Mike Derie, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot2L-396x277.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-2\" class=\"wp-image-701\" width=\"198\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot2L-396x277.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot2L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cabbage stem showing blackening of the vascular tissue caused by the black rot pathogen,<i> Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris<\/i>.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Mike Derie, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot3L-396x277.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-3\" class=\"wp-image-702\" width=\"198\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot3L-396x277.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot3L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dieback and wilting of cabbage plants following a severe outbreak of black rot.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Mike Derie, Washington State University<br>          <br><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot4L-396x615.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-4\" class=\"wp-image-703\" width=\"158\" height=\"226\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Blackening of the veins of a cabbage leaf following inoculation with the black rot pathogen,<i> Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.<\/i>\n<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot5l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot5L.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-5\" class=\"wp-image-704\" width=\"198\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot5L.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot5L-396x349.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Severe blackening of the veins of a cabbage leaf infected with <i>Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.<\/i><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot6l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot6L-396x322.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-6\" class=\"wp-image-705\" width=\"198\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot6L-396x322.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot6L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wilting of a cabbage leaf infected with <i>Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris<\/i>.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/7-and-8\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/7-and-8-e1625978307508-396x361.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-7\" class=\"wp-image-709\" width=\"198\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/7-and-8-e1625978307508-396x361.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/7-and-8-e1625978307508.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Symptoms of leaf spot caused by<i>  Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae <\/i>(left) and <i>X. campestris pv. raphani <\/i>(right), two bacterial pathogens closely related to the black rot pathogen,<i> X. campestris pv. campestris.<\/i><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Online Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/cabbage-cauliflower-brassica-sp-black-rot\">Cabbage and Cauliflower (Brassica sp.)-Black Rot<\/a>, Pacific Northwest Handbooks, a Pacific Northwest Extension Publication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu\/factsheets\/Crucifers_BR.htm\">Black Rot of Crucifers<\/a>, Fact Sheet, Cooperative Extension, New York State, Cornell University.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.growingproduce.com\/vegetables\/field-scouting-guide-black-rot-of-brassicas\/\">Field Scouting Guide: Black Rot of Brassicas<\/a>, Growing Produce, Meister Media Worldwide\u2019s Horticulture Group.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eorganic.org\/node\/4957\">Managing Black Rot of Cabbage and other Crucifer Crops in Organic Farming Systems<\/a>, eOrganic, eXtension Foundation (extension.org).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ag.umass.edu\/vegetable\/fact-sheets\/brassicas-black-rot\">Brassicas, Black Rot<\/a>, UMass Extension vegetable Program Fact Sheet, Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, College of Natural Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Clubroot\">Club root of brassica vegetables<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>: Club root of brassica vegetables<br><strong>Pathogen<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Plasmodiophora brassicae<\/i><br><b>Host crops<\/b>:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/broccoli\/#Clubroot\">Broccoli<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/#Clubroot\">cabbage<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/cauliflower\/#Club\">cauliflower<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/brassicaceae-cruciferous-weeds\/#Clubroot\">brassicaceae (cruciferous) weeds<\/a>, and&nbsp;radish.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-clubroot-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-3L-396x296.jpg\" alt=\"below-ground symptoms of clubroot on roots\" class=\"wp-image-934\" width=\"198\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-3L-396x296.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-3L.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Below-ground symptoms of clubroot.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/cabbage-cauliflower-brassica-sp-clubroot\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Cabbage and Cauliflower (<i>Brassica<\/i>&nbsp;sp.) \u2013 Clubroot<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vegetables.cornell.edu\/pest-management\/disease-factsheets\/clubroot-of-crucifers\/\">Clubroot of Crucifers<\/a>. Vegetable MD Online.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clubroot\">Clubroot<\/a>. Wikipedia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vri.org.nz\/dmsdocument\/140-a0019406-1995-control-of-clubroot-in-vegetable-brassicas-copy\">Clubroot of vegetable brassicas \u2013 towards integrated control. New Zealand Institute for Crop &amp; Food Research Ltd<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ohioline.osu.edu\/hyg-fact\/3000\/3118.html\">Clubroot of Crucifers<\/a>. The Ohio State University Extension.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/07\/11CCC2791-Clubroot-Sanitation-Guide-r3-LR1.pdf\">Managing Clubroot: Equipment Sanitation Guide (pdf)<\/a>. Canola Council of Canada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canolawatch.org\/2013\/06\/26\/top-10-tips-from-the-2013-international-clubroot-workshop\/\">Top 10 tips from the 2013 International Clubroot Workshop<\/a>. Canola Watch, Canola Council of Canada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>See&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/diseases-pests-and-other-problems-common-to-many-vegetables\/#Clubroot\">Diseases, pests, and other problems common to many vegetables: Clubroot of brassica vegetables<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Whiterust\">White rust<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;White rust<br><strong>Pathogen<\/strong>:&nbsp;<em>Albugo candida<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/dg105l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg105L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"white rust\" class=\"wp-image-2234\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg105L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg105L.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>G.Q. Pelter<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/radish-raphanus-sativus-white-rust\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Radish (Raphanus sativus) \u2013 White Rust<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-callout  wsu-border--add-top\" >\r\n        \n<div class=\"wsu-note\">\n\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wsu-note__title\">\n\t\t\tPDF Accessibility\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\">If you need the content provided on this site in an alternate format or for further information on the Vegetable Seed Pathology program, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\">please contact:&nbsp;<strong>Lindsey du Toit at&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:dutoit@wsu.edu\">dutoit@wsu.edu<\/a>&nbsp;or at 360-848-6140<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n<section  class=\"wsu-section wsu-width--full\"  >\r\n    <div class=\"wsu-section__inner wsu-width--content\">    \n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero wsu-spacing-after--none wsu-spacing-bottom--none wsu-spacing-before--default\">Our pages provide links to external sites for the convenience of users. WSU Extension does not manage these external sites, nor does Extension review, control, or take responsibility for the content of these sites. These external sites do not implicitly or explicitly represent official positions and policies of WSU Extension.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div><\/section>\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DiseasesBlack Leg Black rotClub root White rust(Click on photo to enlarge) General Disease Management in Radish Crucifer Disease Guide\u00a0&#8211; A Practical Guide for Seedsmen, Growers and Agricultural Advisors. Published by Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc.\u2019s Plant&amp;hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":95,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_expiration_date":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/117"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=117"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/117\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8186,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/117\/revisions\/8186"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/95"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}