{"id":111,"date":"2021-12-02T13:28:01","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T21:28:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stage.web.wsu.edu\/path-team\/?page_id=111"},"modified":"2024-10-20T21:29:42","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T04:29:42","slug":"cabbage","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/","title":{"rendered":"Cabbage"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wsu-row  wsu-color-background--gray-5 wsu-row--thirds\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta \" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#General\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tGeneral Cabbage Disease and Pest Management \t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta  wsu-cta--width-inline wsu-text-align--center\" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#Diseases7\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tDiseases\t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wsu-cta  wsu-cta--width-inline\" >\n\t<a \t\t\t\t\thref=\"#InsectMitPest\"\t\n\t\tclass=\"wsu-button \">\n\t\t\t\n\t\tInsect\/Mite Pests\t\t\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"home\">Diseases<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--thirds\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Alternaria\">Alternaria black spot<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#Botrytis\">Botrytis&nbsp;stem blight<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#Ring\">Ring spot<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Black\">Black leg<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#Clubroot\">Clubroot<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Blackrot\">Black rot<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#Downy\">Downy mildew<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\">Insect\/Mite Pests<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--thirds\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Diamondback\">Diamondback moth<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Imported\">Imported cabbage worm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Western\">Western flower thrips<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">(Click on photo to enlarge)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"General\">General Cabbage Disease and Pest Management<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/chapters\/edit\/10.1081\/E-EEM-120041115\/cabbage-diseases-ecology-control-anthony-keinath-marc-cubeta-david-langston\">Cabbage Diseases: Ecology and Control<\/a>, by Anthony P. Keinath, Marc A. Cubeta, and David B. Langston, Jr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/infonet-biovision.org\/PlantHealth\/Crops\/CabbageKale-Brassicas\">Cabbage\/Kale, Brassicas<\/a>. infonet-biovision. Photos of various disease and pest problems on brassica crops.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/07\/WA-cabbage-seed-Crop-Profile-Dec-2007.pdf\">Crop Profile for Cabbage Seed in Washington (pdf)<\/a>, by Lindsey J. du Toit, Washington State University Mount Vernon NWREC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/santamariaseeds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Crucifer_Disease_Guide.pdf\">Crucifer Disease Guide (pdf)<\/a>&nbsp;&#8211; A Practical Guide for Seedsmen, Growers and Agricultural Advisors. Published by Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc.\u2019s Plant Health Department and Seed Health Departments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"95\">Small-Scale Cost-Effective Hot Water Seed Treatment<\/a><br>Reduce the risk of seed-borne diseases, especially for organic <em>Brassica<\/em>&nbsp;growers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"Diseases7\">Diseases<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Alternaria\">Alternaria black spot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Alternaria black spot<br><strong>Pathogens<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Alternaria brassicae<\/i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>Alternaria brassicicola<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-1L-396x247.jpg\" alt=\"Alternaria black spot on cabbage\" class=\"wp-image-1064\" width=\"198\" height=\"124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-1L-396x247.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-1L.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Leaf spot symptoms caused by Alternaria <i>brassicicola <\/i>(left) vs. <i>A. brassicae<\/i> (right).<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-2L-396x292.jpg\" alt=\"brassicae\" class=\"wp-image-1065\" width=\"198\" height=\"146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-2L-396x292.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-2L.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Spores of <i>Alternaria brassicae<\/i>.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Dick Gabrielson<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-3L-396x279.jpg\" alt=\"chains of spores of Alternaria brassicicola growing from an infected cabbage seed.\" class=\"wp-image-1066\" width=\"198\" height=\"140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-3L-396x279.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-3L.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Chains of spores of <i>Alternaria brassicicola <\/i>growing from an infected cabbage seed.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-4L-396x377.jpg\" alt=\"cabbage seed plated onto a semi-selective agar medium to detect Alternaria brassicicola.\" class=\"wp-image-1067\" width=\"162\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-4L-396x377.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-4L.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cabbage seed plated onto a semi-selective agar medium to detect <i>Alternaria brassicicola.<\/i><br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-5l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-5L-396x251.jpg\" alt=\"Alternaria black spot symptoms-1\" class=\"wp-image-1068\" width=\"198\" height=\"126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-5L-396x251.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-5L.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alternaria black spot on pods in a cabbage seed crop.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-6l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-6L.jpg\" alt=\"Alternaria black spot symptoms-2\" class=\"wp-image-1069\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-6L.jpg 800w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-6L-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Severe Alternaria black spot on pods in a cabbage seed crop.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-7l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-7L-396x340.jpg\" alt=\"Alternaria black spot symptoms-3\" class=\"wp-image-1070\" width=\"168\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-7L-396x340.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-alternaria-black-spot-7L.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 168px) 100vw, 168px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alternaria black spot symptoms on a cabbage leaf.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/node\/2362\/print\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Cabbage and Cauliflower (<i>Brassica<\/i>) \u2013 Black Spot {Leaf, Stem, or Pod Spots}<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/seed-crop-crucifers-brassica-raphanus-spp-black-spot-leaf-stem-pod-spots\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Seed Crop, Crucifers \u2013 Black Spot {Leaf, Stem or Pod Spots}<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu\/misc\/media\/factsheets\/pp0034.pdf\">Alternaria Diseases of Crucifers (pdf)<\/a>. Plant Pathology Fact Sheet PP\u201334, Florida Cooperative Extension Service\/Institute of Food and Agricultural Science\/University of Florida.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/ipm.ucanr.edu\/PMG\/r108100911.html\">UC Pest Management Guidelines: Cole Crops: Alternaria Leafspot<\/a>. UC IPM Online, University of California.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/worldveg.tind.io\/record\/39417?ln=en\">Crucifer Diseases: Alternaria Leaf Spot<\/a>. AVRDC International Cooperators\u2019 Fact Sheet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ag.umass.edu\/vegetable\/fact-sheets\/brassicas-alternaria-leaf-spot\">Disease Management: Alternaria Diseases of Brassicas<\/a>.&nbsp;<i>The Plant Diagnostic Clinic<\/i>, UMassAmherst.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Black\">Black leg<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Black leg<br><strong>Pathogens<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Phoma lingam&nbsp;<\/i>(sexual stage =<i>&nbsp;Leptosphaeria maculans<\/i>)<br><strong>Host crops:<\/strong>&nbsp;Most members of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) = cabbage family, including&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/broccoli\/#Blackleg\">broccoli<\/a>, Brussels sprouts,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/#Black\">cabbage<\/a>, canola,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/cauliflower\/#Black\">cauliflower<\/a>, various Chinese brassica vegetables, collard, kale, mizuna, mustard, oilseed rape, oilseed turnip rape, rutabaga, turnip, etc.),&nbsp;<em>Sinapis<\/em>&nbsp;(white and yellow mustard), and&nbsp;<em>Raphanus<\/em>&nbsp;(daikon and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/radish\/#Blackleg\">radish<\/a>). Several wild species exist that may be infected by&nbsp;<em>P. lingam<\/em>&nbsp;including&nbsp;<em>Descurainia&nbsp;<\/em>(tansymustard),&nbsp;<em>Sisymbrium<\/em>&nbsp;(hedge mustard), and&nbsp;<em>Thlaspi<\/em>&nbsp;(penny-cress). This is a quarantine disease in six counties in northwestern WA and all counties east of the Cascade Mountains because of the risk of this pathogen to the brassica vegetable seed industry.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/05cablst-hypocotyl-infection-with-pycnidia\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-1L-396x181.jpg\" alt=\"hypocotyl infection with pycnidia\" class=\"wp-image-680\" width=\"198\" height=\"91\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-1L-396x181.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-1L.jpg 1265w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black leg symptoms on a cabbage seedling grown from an infested seed lot. Note the small, black fruiting bodies (pycnidia) on the hypocotyl of the seedling.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/05cablst-growout-trial-cotyledon-symptoms\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-2L-396x561.jpg\" alt=\"Black leg infection of a cabbage seedling\" class=\"wp-image-681\" width=\"159\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-2L-396x561.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-2L.jpg 1049w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 159px) 100vw, 159px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black leg infection of the cotyledon of a cabbage seedling grown from an infested seed lot. Note the small, black fruiting bodies (pycnidia) on the cotyledon.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-leg-oozing-pycnidia\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-3L.jpg\" alt=\"growout trial \u2013 cotyledon symptoms on a brassicaceae plant\" class=\"wp-image-682\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-3L.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-3L-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pycnidia of Phoma lingam on the base of the stem of a Brassica rapa plant, showing pink cirrhi oozing out of each pycnidium, containing thousands of conidia. The conidia are readily splash-dispersed.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4L-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Black leg symptoms at stem of an infected plant\" class=\"wp-image-683\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4L-scaled-1.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-4L-scaled-1-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black leg lesion at the base of the stem of an infected plant from a <i>Brassica rapa <\/i>seed crop. Note the small, black pycnidia embedded in the lesion.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Cynthia Ocamb, Oregon State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/phoma-leaf-spot-cindy-ocamb\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-5L-scaled-1-396x296.jpg\" alt=\"Phoma leaf spot \u2013 Cindy Ocamb\" class=\"wp-image-684\" width=\"198\" height=\"148\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Phoma leaf spot lesion with tiny, black pycnidia present in the necrotic, circular lesion, surrounded by a narrow, chlorotic (yellow) halo.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/phoma-lingam-seed-assay-cauliflower-19x\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/brassicaceae-black-leg-6L-396x294.jpg\" alt=\"Phoma lingam seed assay\" class=\"wp-image-2188\" width=\"198\" height=\"147\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Black pycnidia of the black leg fungus,<i> Phoma lingam<\/i>, on an infected cauliflower seed. Note the amethyst-colored cirrhi (gelatinous matrix) oozing from the pycnidia, which indicates the strain of the pathogen is virulent (able to cause Phoma leaf spot or black leg of brassicas).<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/nkaHFrE_1D4?list=PL2293EFB3CF9C70E4\">Video: Blackleg Disease and Resistance Management. Published by the Canola Council of Canada.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/cabbage-cauliflower-brassica-sp-black-leg-phoma-stem-canker\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Cabbage and Cauliflower (<em>Brassica&nbsp;<\/em>sp.)-Black Leg and Phoma Root Rot<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/seed-crop-crucifers-brassica-raphanus-spp-black-leg\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook:&nbsp;<\/a>Seed Crop, Crucifers (Brassica and Raphanus spp.)-Black Leg.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Black-leg-in-Brassiceae-2014-2-pp-alert-6-12-14.pdf\">Black leg in Brassicaceae crops and wild crucifers: 2014 outbreak in the Willamette Valley of Oregon (pdf)<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Crucifer_mtg-OSU_NWREC-CindyOcamb-9Sep2014.pdf\">Black Leg, Light Leaf Spot, and White Leaf Spot (pdf)<\/a>, Cynthia Ocamb, PhD., Plant Pathologist, OSU Extension, Associate Professor&#8211;Botany &amp; Plant Pathology.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/CruciferMtgOSU-NWREC-9112014-DavidPriebe-ODA.pdf\">Fungicides for Control of Black Leg (pdf)<\/a>, David Priebe, Pesticides Program, Oregon Department of Agriculture.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Addressing Blackleg in the Willamette Valley:&nbsp;<\/strong>Oregon Department of Agriculture permanent ruling released on black leg of brassicaceae in January 2015 \u2013 see the Brassica Production Districts document, and the OSDA Permanent Ruling document titled \u2018Crucifer blackleg disease requirements moved into one regulation; removes same requirements from rapeseed production districts,\u2019 below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/603-2015113Permanent.pdf\">Oregon Secretary of State Certificate and Order for Filing (pdf)<\/a>&nbsp;&#8211; Permanent Administrative Rules: Crucifer blackleg disease requirements moved into one regulation; removes same requirements from rapeseed production districts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/OAR603-052-0860thru0888and0921_01132015.pdf\">Brassicaceae Production Districts and Rapeseed Control Areas (pdf)<\/a>&nbsp;(603-052-0860), Oregon Department of Agriculture.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Clinic-closeup-Black-leg-management-in-Brassica-seed-crops-and-oilseed-Jan-2015-version-II-2.pdf\">Management of Black Leg in Oregon on Brassica seed crops (pdf)<\/a>, a Clinic Close-up, Oregon State University Extension Service.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/06\/Clinic-closeup-Black-leg-management-in-Brassica-vegetable-seed-Jan-2015-version-II.pdf\">Management of Black Leg in Oregon on Vegetable Brassica Crops and Seed Crops (pdf)<\/a>, a Clinic Close-up, Oregon State University Extension Service.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Blackrot\">Black rot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Black rot<br><strong>Pathogens<\/strong>:&nbsp;<em>Xanthomonas campestris<\/em>&nbsp;<em>pv.<\/em>&nbsp;<em>campestris<\/em><br><b>Host crops<\/b>: Most members of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) = cabbage family, including&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/broccoli\/#Blackrot\">broccoli<\/a>, Brussels sprouts,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/#Blackrot\">cabbage<\/a>, canola,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/cauliflower\/#Blackrot\">cauliflower<\/a>, various Chinese brassica vegetables, collard, kale, mizuna, mustard, oilseed rape, oilseed turnip rape, rutabaga, turnip, etc.),<em>&nbsp;Sinapis<\/em>&nbsp;(white and yellow mustard), and&nbsp;<em>Raphanus&nbsp;<\/em>(daikon and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/radish\/#Blackrot\">radish<\/a>). Most&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/brassicaceae-cruciferous-weeds\/#Blackrot\">wild species<\/a>&nbsp;can be infected by this pathogen. This is a quarantine disease in parts of six counties in northwestern Washington because of the risk of this pathogen to the brassica vegetable seed industry.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot1L-396x277.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-1\" class=\"wp-image-700\" width=\"198\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot1L-396x277.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot1L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cabbage black rot symptoms of marginal chlorosis and v-shaped lesions extending into the leaf.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Mike Derie, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot5l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot5L.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-5\" class=\"wp-image-704\" width=\"198\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot5L.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot5L-396x349.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Severe blackening of the veins of a cabbage leaf infected with <i>Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.<\/i><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot2L-396x277.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-2\" class=\"wp-image-701\" width=\"198\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot2L-396x277.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot2L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cabbage stem showing blackening of the vascular tissue caused by the black rot pathogen,<i> Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris<\/i>.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Mike Derie, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot6l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot6L-396x322.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-6\" class=\"wp-image-705\" width=\"198\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot6L-396x322.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot6L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wilting of a cabbage leaf infected with <i>Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris<\/i>.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot3L-396x277.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-3\" class=\"wp-image-702\" width=\"198\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot3L-396x277.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot3L.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dieback and wilting of cabbage plants following a severe outbreak of black rot.<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Mike Derie, Washington State University<br>          <br><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wsu-spacing-before--none\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/7-and-8\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/7-and-8-e1625978307508-396x361.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-7\" class=\"wp-image-709\" width=\"198\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/7-and-8-e1625978307508-396x361.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/7-and-8-e1625978307508.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Symptoms of leaf spot caused by<i>  Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae <\/i>(left) and <i>X. campestris pv. raphani <\/i>(right), two bacterial pathogens closely related to the black rot pathogen,<i> X. campestris pv. campestris.<\/i><br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/black-rot4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot4L-396x615.jpg\" alt=\"symptoms of Cabbage black rot-4\" class=\"wp-image-703\" width=\"155\" height=\"241\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot4L-396x615.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/black-rot4L.jpg 824w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 155px) 100vw, 155px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Blackening of the veins of a cabbage leaf following inoculation with the black rot pathogen,<i> Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.<\/i>\n<br><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> Lindsey du Toit, Washington State University<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Online Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/cabbage-cauliflower-brassica-sp-black-rot\">Cabbage and Cauliflower (Brassica sp.)-Black Rot<\/a>, Pacific Northwest Handbooks, a Pacific Northwest Extension Publication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/vegetablemdonline.ppath.cornell.edu\/factsheets\/Crucifers_BR.htm\">Black Rot of Crucifers<\/a>, Fact Sheet, Cooperative Extension, New York State, Cornell University.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.growingproduce.com\/vegetables\/field-scouting-guide-black-rot-of-brassicas\/\">Field Scouting Guide: Black Rot of Brassicas<\/a>, Growing Produce, Meister Media Worldwide\u2019s Horticulture Group.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eorganic.org\/node\/4957\">Managing Black Rot of Cabbage and other Crucifer Crops in Organic Farming Systems<\/a>, eOrganic, eXtension Foundation (extension.org).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ag.umass.edu\/vegetable\/fact-sheets\/brassicas-black-rot\">Brassicas, Black Rot<\/a>, UMass Extension vegetable Program Fact Sheet, Center for Agriculture, Food and the Environment, College of Natural Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Botrytis\">Botrytis\u00a0stem blight<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Botrytis&nbsp;stem blight<br><strong>Pathogen<\/strong>:&nbsp;<em>Botrytis cinerea<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/dg2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg2L.jpg\" alt=\"Botrytis stem blight on cabbage\" class=\"wp-image-1078\" width=\"198\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg2L.jpg 400w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg2L-396x594.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>D.A. Inglis\n\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Clubroot\">Clubroot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disease<\/strong>:&nbsp;Clubroot<br><strong>Pathogen<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Plasmodiophora brassicae<\/i><br><b>Host crops<\/b>:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/broccoli\/#Clubroot\">Broccoli<\/a>, cabbage,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/cauliflower\/#Club\">cauliflower<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/brassicaceae-cruciferous-weeds\/#Clubroot\">brassicaceae (cruciferous) weeds<\/a>, and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/radish\/#Clubroot\">radish<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-clubroot-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-1L-396x614.jpg\" alt=\"stunting from club root\" class=\"wp-image-932\" width=\"164\" height=\"254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-1L-396x614.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-1L.jpg 516w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 164px) 100vw, 164px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Stunting from clubroot.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-clubroot-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-2L.jpg\" alt=\"club root symptoms\" class=\"wp-image-933\" width=\"146\" height=\"200\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Below-ground symptoms of clubroot.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-clubroot-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-3L-396x296.jpg\" alt=\"below-ground symptoms of clubroot on roots\" class=\"wp-image-934\" width=\"198\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-3L-396x296.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-clubroot-3L.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Below-ground symptoms of clubroot.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/cabbage-cauliflower-brassica-sp-clubroot\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Cabbage and Cauliflower (Brassica sp.)-Clubroot<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vegetables.cornell.edu\/pest-management\/disease-factsheets\/clubroot-of-crucifers\/\">Clubroot of Crucifers<\/a>. Vegetable MD Online.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clubroot\">Clubroot<\/a>. Wikipedia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vri.org.nz\/dmsdocument\/140-a0019406-1995-control-of-clubroot-in-vegetable-brassicas-copy\">Clubroot of vegetable brassicas \u2013 towards integrated control. New Zealand Institute for Crop &amp; Food Research Ltd<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ohioline.osu.edu\/hyg-fact\/3000\/3118.html\">Clubroot of Crucifers<\/a>. The Ohio State University Extension.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/s3.wp.wsu.edu\/uploads\/sites\/2723\/2021\/07\/11CCC2791-Clubroot-Sanitation-Guide-r3-LR1.pdf\">Managing Clubroot: Equipment Sanitation Guide (pdf)<\/a>. Canola Council of Canada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canolawatch.org\/2013\/06\/26\/top-10-tips-from-the-2013-international-clubroot-workshop\/\">Top 10 tips from the 2013 International Clubroot Workshop<\/a>. Canola Watch, Canola Council of Canada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/diseases-pests-and-other-problems-common-to-many-vegetables\/#Clubroot\">See&nbsp;Diseases, pests, and other problems common to many vegetables: Clubroot of brassica vegetables<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Downy\">Downy mildew<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>: Downy Mildew<br><strong>Pathogens<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Hyaloperonospora parasitica<\/i>&nbsp;=&nbsp;<i>Peronospora parasitica<\/i><br><b>Host crops<\/b>: Most members of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) = cabbage family, including&nbsp;cabbage&nbsp;and cauliflower.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-downy-mildew-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-1L.jpg\" alt=\"downy mildew sporulation symptoms\" class=\"wp-image-939\" width=\"178\" height=\"268\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Downy mildew sporulation on cabbage leaves.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-downy-mildew-2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-2L.jpg\" alt=\"downy mildew on cabbage\" class=\"wp-image-940\" width=\"171\" height=\"259\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Downy mildew sporulation on cabbage leaves.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-downy-mildew-3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-3L.jpg\" alt=\"downy mildew on cabbage leaf\" class=\"wp-image-941\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-3L.jpg 750w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-3L-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Downy mildew sporulation on cabbage leaves.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-downy-mildew-4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-4L-396x309.jpg\" alt=\"pod infection\" class=\"wp-image-942\" width=\"198\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-4L-396x309.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-downy-mildew-4L.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sporulation of downy mildew on a cabbage seed pod in a cabbage seed crop.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Lindsey du Toit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/node\/2365\/print\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Cabbage and Cauliflower (<i>Brassica<\/i>&nbsp;sp.) \u2013 Downy Mildew {Staghead}<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu\/misc\/media\/factsheets\/pp0033.pdf\">Downy Mildew of Crucifers (pdf)<\/a>. Plant Pathology Fact Sheet. Florida Cooperative Extension Service.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ag.umass.edu\/vegetable\/fact-sheets\/brassicas-downy-mildew\">Brassica Downy Mildew<\/a>. University of Massachusetts Amherst.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Ring\">Ring spot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom\"><strong>Disease<\/strong>: Ring spot<br><strong>Pathogen<\/strong>:&nbsp;<em>Mycosphaerella brassicicola<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/dg4l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg4L.jpg\" alt=\"ring spot on cauliflower\" class=\"wp-image-954\" width=\"164\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg4L.jpg 400w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg4L-396x594.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 164px) 100vw, 164px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> D.A. Inglis<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/dg3l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg3L-396x264.jpg\" alt=\"close up view of ring spot on cauliflower\" class=\"wp-image-953\" width=\"198\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg3L-396x264.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/dg3L.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Photo Source:<\/strong> D.A. Inglis<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pnwhandbooks.org\/plantdisease\/host-disease\/cabbage-cauliflower-brassica-sp-ring-spot-black-blight\">Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Management Handbook: Cabbage and Cauliflower (Brassica) \u2013 Ring spot (Black Blight)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-centered\" id=\"InsectMitPest\">Insect\/Mite Pests<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Diamondback\">Diamondback moth<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom\"><strong>Common name<\/strong>:&nbsp;Diamondback moth<br><strong>Latin binomial<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Plutella xylostella<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-diamondback-moth-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-diamondback-moth-1L.jpg\" alt=\"diamondback moth pupa on cabbage\" class=\"wp-image-1436\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-diamondback-moth-1L.jpg 800w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-diamondback-moth-1L-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Diamondback moth pupa with imported cabbageworm hole damage to leaves.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Photographer \u2013 Johnny Stark. Submitted by Jenny Glass<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/diamondback-moth-larva-on-cabbage\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/diamondback-moth-larva-on-cabbage.jpg\" alt=\"close up of diamondback moth larva on cabbage\" class=\"wp-image-1437\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/diamondback-moth-larva-on-cabbage.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/diamondback-moth-larva-on-cabbage-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Diamondback moth larva on cabbage.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Photographer \u2013 Johnny Stark. Submitted by Jenny Glass<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.extension.wsu.edu\/caterpillar-pests-of-the-cabbage-family\">Caterpillar Pests of the Cabbage Family<\/a>. Washington State University Fact Sheet FS018E.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/uspest.org\/pnw\/insects\">Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook<\/a>. Chapter: Vegetables, Section: Boccoli, Cabbage, other Crucifers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Imported\">Imported cabbage worm<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom\"><strong>Common name<\/strong>:&nbsp;Imported cabbage worm<br><strong>Latin binomial<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Pieris rapae<\/i><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage-imported-cabbage-worm-1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-imported-cabbage-worm-1L.jpg\" alt=\"imported cabbageworm on cabbage\" class=\"wp-image-1088\" width=\"198\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-imported-cabbage-worm-1L.jpg 800w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cabbage-imported-cabbage-worm-1L-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Imported cabbage worm by damaged cabbage leaf.<br><strong>\nPhoto Source:<\/strong> Photographer \u2013 Johnny Stark\nSubmitted by Jenny Glass<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.extension.wsu.edu\/caterpillar-pests-of-the-cabbage-family\">Caterpillar Pests of the Cabbage Family<\/a>. Washington State University Fact Sheet FS018E.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/uspest.org\/pnw\/insects\">Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook<\/a>. Chapter: Vegetables, Section: Boccoli, Cabbage, other Crucifers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading  wsu-heading--style-marked wsu-heading--mark-color-vineyard\" id=\"Western\">Western flower thrips<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"collapse_bottom wsu-max-width--hero\"><strong>Common name<\/strong>:&nbsp;Western flower thrips<br><strong>Latin binomial<\/strong>:&nbsp;<i>Frankliniella occidentalis<\/i>.<br><strong>Host crops<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/basil\/#Thrips\">Basil<\/a> ,<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/broccoli\/#Western\">Broccoli<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/#Western\">Cabbage<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage.htm#thrips\">,<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/brassicaceae\/cauliflower\/#Western\">Cauliflower<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cucurbits\/cucumber\/#Western\">Cucumber<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/onion-allium\/#Thrips\">Onion<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/potato\/#thrips\">Potato<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cabbage.htm#thrips\">,<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cucurbits\/pumpkin\/#thrips\">Pumpkin<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cucurbits\/squash\/#thrips\">Squash<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/tomato\/#thrips\">Tomato<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cucurbits\/watermelon\/#thrips\">Watermelon<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-row wsu-row--quarters\" >\r\n    \n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cucumber-western-flower-thrips1l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cucumber-Western-flower-thrips1L-396x248.jpg\" alt=\"adult Western flower thrips-1\" class=\"wp-image-1052\" width=\"198\" height=\"124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cucumber-Western-flower-thrips1L-396x248.jpg 396w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cucumber-Western-flower-thrips1L.jpg 468w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Adult Western flower thrips are minute (less than 1\/8 inch long) narrow-bodied insects that range from straw to dark yellowish-brown in color. Their four wings are very narrow and characterized by long fringed hairs.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Michael Bush, WSU Extension, Yakima, WA<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/cucumber-western-flower-thrips2l\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cucumber-Western-flower-thrips2L.jpg\" alt=\"immature Western flower thips\" class=\"wp-image-1053\" width=\"167\" height=\"124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cucumber-Western-flower-thrips2L.jpg 468w, https:\/\/wpcdn.web.wsu.edu\/extension\/uploads\/sites\/31\/cucumber-Western-flower-thrips2L-396x297.jpg 396w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 167px) 100vw, 167px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Immature Western flower thrips resemble the adults but are smaller, wingless and translucent yellow in color. There are multiple generations per year and thrips may invade vegetable fields when alternate flowering plants dry up in the summer or when an adjacent host crop is harvested.<br><strong>Photo Source: <\/strong>Michael Bush, WSU Extension, Yakima, WA<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-column\"  style=\"\">\r\n\t\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>On-Line Resources<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/uspest.org\/pnw\/insects\">Pacific Northwest Insect Management Handbook<\/a>. Chapter: Vegetables, Section: Broccoli, Cabbage, other Crucifers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/hortsense.cahnrs.wsu.edu\/fact-sheet\/broccoli-cole-crops-thrips\/\">Vegetables: Broccoli, Cole crops: Thrips<\/a>, Washington State University Hortsense.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/uspest.org\/potato\/thrips.pdf\">Western Flower Thrips Thysanoptera: Thripidae Frankiniella occidentalis (pdf)<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>See&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/diseases-pests-and-other-problems-common-to-many-vegetables\/#thrips\">Diseases, pests, and other problems common to many vegetables: Western flower thrips<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"#home\">Return to the Top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wsu-callout  wsu-border--add-top\" >\r\n        \n<div class=\"wsu-note\">\n\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wsu-note__title\">\n\t\t\tPDF Accessibility\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\">If you need the content provided on this site in an alternate format or for further information on the Vegetable Seed Pathology program, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero\">please contact:&nbsp;<strong>Lindsey du Toit at&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:dutoit@wsu.edu\">dutoit@wsu.edu<\/a>&nbsp;or at 360-848-6140<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\r\n\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n<section  class=\"wsu-section wsu-width--full\"  >\r\n    <div class=\"wsu-section__inner wsu-width--content\">    \n\n<p class=\"wsu-max-width--hero wsu-spacing-after--none wsu-spacing-bottom--none wsu-spacing-before--default\">Our pages provide links to external sites for the convenience of users. WSU Extension does not manage these external sites, nor does Extension review, control, or take responsibility for the content of these sites. These external sites do not implicitly or explicitly represent official positions and policies of WSU Extension.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div><\/section>\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n        <div id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top\" hidden aria-hidden=\"true\">\n            <a id=\"cahnrs-back-to-top-btn\" class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__btn\" href=\"#product-top\" aria-label=\"Back to top\">\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u2191<\/span>\n                <span class=\"cahnrs-back-to-top__label\">Back to top<\/span>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[action label=&quot;Insect\/Mite Pests&quot; link=&quot;https:\/\/stage.web.wsu.edu\/path-team\/photo-gallery-of-vegetable-problems\/cabbage\/#Insect\/Mite Pests&quot; style=&quot;in-page-action&quot; ]DiseasesAlternaria black spot Botrytis\u00a0stem blight Ring SpotBlack Leg ClubrootBlack rot Downy MildewInsect\/Mite Pests Diamondback moth Imported cabbage worm Western flower thrips(Click on photo to enlarge) General Cabbage Disease and&amp;hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":52,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_expiration_date":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/111"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8181,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/111\/revisions\/8181"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mtvernon.wsu.edu\/path_team\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}