Newsletter Archives |
June 2002 Newsletter
Lindsey du Toit and Debra Inglis, editorsWSU Mount Vernon NWREC
16650 State Rte 536, Mount Vernon, WA 98273-4768
360-848-6140 (tel), 360-848-6159 (fax)
WSU Vegetable Pathology Team Newsletter
HELLO!
Welcome to the June 2002 edition of Washington State University's Vegetable Pathology Extension Team newsletter, the second edition of the 2002 growing season. This newsletter follows the team's June conference call when team members discussed current vegetable diseases occurring in the state, their diagnoses and control. If you have questions or comments regarding vegetable diseases or WSU's Vegetable Pathology Team, contact Debbie Inglis (dainglis@wsu.edu) or Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu).
PEST ALERT!!!
Late Blight Found on Potatoes
Late blight has been confirmed on potatoes in the south Columbia Basin. Growers in this region have been advised to monitor their fields closely, and to begin protectant spray programs on sprinkler-irrigated fields at row closure.
Late Blight Hotline Now Open
A potato late blight hotline, maintained by Dr. Dennis Johnson at WSU-Pullman and sponsored by WSU Cooperative Extension and Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., is again providing Columbia Basin growers, processors and crop consultants with information about late blight occurrences, weather patterns, and recommended control measures. The hotline is updated on a regular basis, accessible from June through September, open 24 hours a day, and free of charge. To call the Hotline in Washington, dial 1-800-984-7400.
Request Made for Powdery Mildews
Dr. Dean Glawe, mycologist at the WSU Research and Extension Center at Puyallup,
is doing research on the taxonomy, biology, and pathology of powdery mildew
fungi. He is seeking samples of plants parasitized by powdery mildew fungi.
The samples will be used for a variety of research purposes and ultimately will
be preserved in the WSU Plant Pathology Department Mycological Herbarium--the
largest mycological herbarium west of the Mississippi. Each sample should include
5-8 leaves of infected host plant material, preferably dried and pressed for
a week before mailing, and should include the host plant name, the location
of the collection site, the date collected, and the name of the collector. Please
mail samples of powdery mildew on any garden, landscape or crop plant to Dr.
Glawe at the WSU Puyallup Research and Extension Center 7612 Pioneer Way East,
Puyallup, WA 98371-4998. Dr. Glawe hopes within the next several years to complete
work on a guide to the powdery mildews of the Pacific Northwest, a publication
that will be useful to field personnel, scientists, and homeowners. Your samples
of fresh material will be critical to the success of this project! For more
information contact glawe@wsu.edu
For information about powdery mildews on vegetable crops, see the June
2001 Vegetable Pathology Team newsletter at: https://mtvernon.wsu.edu/path_team/newsletter2.htm
PLACES TO FIND INFORMATION
Interested in Farm Direct Marketing?
The WSU Small Farms Program hosted a professional development seminar on farmer's markets on June 10 in Ellensburg. If you wish to receive information or be notified about future seminars, contact Vance Corum at corum@wsu.edu.
New Potato Disease Compendium Available
APS Press has now published the second edition of "Compendium of Potato Diseases" edited by Walter Stevenson, Rosemary Loria, Gary Franc, and D. P. Weingartner. The manual contains up-to-date information on diseases and disorders affecting potatoes worldwide. Since its first publication 20 years ago, key pathogens and management practices have greatly expanded, and the international importance of many pathogens has changed. With nearly 200 color photographs, this practical reference will help growers and their advisors make accurate diagnoses and improve disease control. The compendium includes many diagrams that illustrate symptoms and causal agents of diseases. To order call 1-800-328-7560 or view https://www.shopapspress.org/comofpotsece.html. The cost is $49.
2001 Field Research Reports from WSU-Mount Vernon Now Published
The 2001 volumes of Fungicide and Nematicide Tests and Biological
and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases include reports
of field research done at WSU-Mount Vernon. Contact Debbie Inglis (dainglis@wsu.edu)
or Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu)
if you wish to have further information about the following:
F&N Tests 57: V013. Evaluation of fungicides for control of white mold and
ringspot on Brussels sprouts seed crop, 2000-2001.
F&N Tests 57: V022. Evaluation of metam-sodium for controlling clubroot
in transplanted cauliflower by rotovate-and-roll and spray-blade fumigation,
2001.
F&N Tests 57: V059. Altering foliar fungicide applications by using improved
host resistance to control late blight on potato, 2001.
B&C Tests 17: PT02. Evaluation of potato germplasm for resistance to late
blight, 2001.
VEGETABLE DISEASES/ISSUES
Many Biological Control Products Are Now on the Market
Many biocontrol products are either coming on the market or are now registered for the management of plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi and nematodes. Although many of these products have not been directly tested in vegetable field settings in Washington, their efficacy relative to currently registered pesticide products is of great interest to organic and traditional growers, and home gardeners, alike. Generally, efficacy data can be obtained from the producers of biopesticides. Also, some independent assessments of efficacy can be found in University extension bulletins and reports, and Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases. B&C Tests (ISSN 0887-2236) is published annually by The American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, Minnesota 55121-2097. For information about subscribing, contact APS Customer Service at 651-454-7250 (1-800-328-7560 toll-free) or visit the APS Press Online bookstore at https://www.apsnet.org/online/BCtests/top.html Antibiosis, competition, induction of host resistance, and predation are some of the mechanisms on which the new biological control agents are based. Biologicals in the products are bacterial species like Agrobacterium radiobacter, Bacillus spp., Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas spp., and Streptomyces spp; while, other agents are fungal species like Ampelomyces quisqualis, Candida oleophila, Coniothyrium minitans, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Trichoderma and Gliocladium. Also, some biological control products are composed of proteins which act as plant activators. However, traditional pesticides, successful application of new biological products will depend upon crop management programs where sound cultural practices, careful management of soil fertility and moisture, and host resistance are utilized. For an excellent overview about the topic of biological control, access Brian McSpadden Gardener and Deborah Fravel's recent article titled "Biological control of Plant Pathogens: Research, Commercialization, and Application in the USA" which is featured in Plant Health Progress at: https://plantmanagementnetwork.org/php/reviews/biocontrol/
Some biocontrol products registered on vegetables in Washington.
AQ 10 Biofungicide |
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Active ingredient/organism |
Ampelomyces quisqualis isolate M-10 |
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Target diseases |
powdery mildew |
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Vegetable or herb crops |
artichoke (globe) |
dill |
pea (all types) |
Manufacturer/distributor |
Ecogen, Inc., |
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Aspire |
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Active ingredient/organism |
Candida oleophila I-182 |
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Target diseases |
Botrytis spp., Penicillium spp. |
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Vegetable or herb crops |
potato (post harvest) |
||
Manufacturer/distributor |
Ecogen, Inc., |
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Contans WG, Intercept WG |
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Active ingredient/organism |
Coniothyrium minitans |
||
Target diseases |
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and S. minor |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
cropland |
||
Manufacturer/distributor |
US Distributor: Encore Technologies LLC, |
||
Deny |
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Active ingredient/organism |
Burkholderia cepacia type Wisconsin |
||
Target diseases |
Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Fusarium, and disease caused by lesion, spiral, lance, and sting nematodes |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
alfalfa |
Chinese cabbage |
parsley |
Manufacturer/distributor |
Manufacturer: Stine Microbial Products |
||
DiTera Biocontrol |
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Active ingredient/organism |
fermentation product of killed Myrothecium verrucaria |
||
Target diseases |
parasitic nematodes |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
broccoli |
cabbage |
|
Manufacturer/distributor |
Valent Biosciences, Inc. |
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Kodiak |
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Active ingredient/organism |
Bacillus subtilis GB03 |
||
Target diseases |
Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., and Alternaria spp. that attack roots |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
barley |
pea (dry, green) |
|
Manufacturer/distributor |
Gustafson, Inc. |
||
Messenger |
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Active ingredient/organism |
Erwinia amylovora HrpN harpin protein |
||
Target diseases |
many |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
artichoke (globe) |
corn (sweet, field) |
pea (dry, green) |
Manufacturer/distributor |
EDEN Bioscience Corporation |
||
Mycostop |
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Active ingredient/organism |
Streptomyces griseoviridis strain K61 |
||
Target diseases |
Fusarium spp., Alternaria brassicicola, Phomopsis spp., Botrytis spp., Pythium spp., and Phytophthora spp. that cause seed, root, and stem rot, and wilt disease |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
bean (dry, green) |
leafy vegetable |
|
Manufacturer/distributor |
US Distributor: AgBio Development Inc., |
||
RootShield, Plant Shield, T-22 planter box |
|||
Active ingredient/organism |
Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain KRL-AG2 (T-22) |
||
Target diseasescol |
Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp. |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
alfalfa (summer, winter) artichoke (globe, Jerusalem) bean (dry, green,
kidney, lima, mung, navy, pinto) |
cucumber |
parsley |
Manufacturer/distributor |
Bioworks, Inc. |
||
Serenade |
|||
Active ingredient/organism |
Bacillus subtilis QST716 |
||
Target diseases |
powdery mildew, downy mildew, Cercospora leaf spot, early blight, late blight, and others |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
broccoli |
lettuce |
spinach |
Manufacturer/distributor |
AgraQuest, Inc. |
||
SoilGard |
|||
Active ingredient/organism |
Gliocladium virens (a.k.a. Trichoderma virens) GL-21 |
Target diseases |
damping-off and root rot pathogens especially Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium spp. |
||
Vegetable or herb crops |
bean (dry, green) |
Chinese cabbage |
lettuce |
Manufacturer/distributor |
Certis, Inc. |
Excerpts of this article are from McSpadden-Gardener and Fravel at: https://plantmanagementnetwork.org/php/reviews/biocontrol/
A comprehensive list of all materials approved by Washington State Department of Agriculture for use in organic production and handling, is at: https://www.wa.gov/agr/fsah/organic/ofp.htm
To keep up-to-date about biological and other types of products registered in Washington for plant disease control, check the PICOL website at: https://picol.cahe.wsu.edu/labels/Labels.php
Our pages provide links to external sites for the convenience of users. WSU Extension does not manage these external sites, nor does Extension review, control, or take responsibility for the content of these sites. These external sites do not implicitly or explicitly represent official positions and policies of WSU Extension.