Pacific Northwest Vegetable Extension Group

of Washington State University, Oregon State University, and University of Idaho

Newsletter Archives

June 2002 Newsletter

Lindsey du Toit and Debra Inglis, editors
WSU Mount Vernon NWREC
16650 State Rte 536, Mount Vernon, WA 98273-4768
360-848-6140 (tel), 360-848-6159 (fax)

WSU Vegetable Pathology Team Newsletter


 

HELLO!

Welcome to the June 2002 edition of Washington State University's Vegetable Pathology Extension Team newsletter, the second edition of the 2002 growing season. This newsletter follows the team's June conference call when team members discussed current vegetable diseases occurring in the state, their diagnoses and control. If you have questions or comments regarding vegetable diseases or WSU's Vegetable Pathology Team, contact Debbie Inglis (dainglis@wsu.edu) or Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu).

PEST ALERT!!!

Late Blight Found on Potatoes

Late blight has been confirmed on potatoes in the south Columbia Basin. Growers in this region have been advised to monitor their fields closely, and to begin protectant spray programs on sprinkler-irrigated fields at row closure.

Late Blight Hotline Now Open

A potato late blight hotline, maintained by Dr. Dennis Johnson at WSU-Pullman and sponsored by WSU Cooperative Extension and Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., is again providing Columbia Basin growers, processors and crop consultants with information about late blight occurrences, weather patterns, and recommended control measures. The hotline is updated on a regular basis, accessible from June through September, open 24 hours a day, and free of charge. To call the Hotline in Washington, dial 1-800-984-7400.

Request Made for Powdery Mildews

Dr. Dean Glawe, mycologist at the WSU Research and Extension Center at Puyallup, is doing research on the taxonomy, biology, and pathology of powdery mildew fungi. He is seeking samples of plants parasitized by powdery mildew fungi. The samples will be used for a variety of research purposes and ultimately will be preserved in the WSU Plant Pathology Department Mycological Herbarium--the largest mycological herbarium west of the Mississippi. Each sample should include 5-8 leaves of infected host plant material, preferably dried and pressed for a week before mailing, and should include the host plant name, the location of the collection site, the date collected, and the name of the collector. Please mail samples of powdery mildew on any garden, landscape or crop plant to Dr. Glawe at the WSU Puyallup Research and Extension Center 7612 Pioneer Way East, Puyallup, WA 98371-4998. Dr. Glawe hopes within the next several years to complete work on a guide to the powdery mildews of the Pacific Northwest, a publication that will be useful to field personnel, scientists, and homeowners. Your samples of fresh material will be critical to the success of this project! For more information contact glawe@wsu.edu
For information about powdery mildews on vegetable crops, see the June 2001 Vegetable Pathology Team newsletter at: https://mtvernon.wsu.edu/path_team/newsletter2.htm

PLACES TO FIND INFORMATION

Interested in Farm Direct Marketing?

The WSU Small Farms Program hosted a professional development seminar on farmer's markets on June 10 in Ellensburg. If you wish to receive information or be notified about future seminars, contact Vance Corum at corum@wsu.edu.

New Potato Disease Compendium Available

APS Press has now published the second edition of "Compendium of Potato Diseases" edited by Walter Stevenson, Rosemary Loria, Gary Franc, and D. P. Weingartner. The manual contains up-to-date information on diseases and disorders affecting potatoes worldwide. Since its first publication 20 years ago, key pathogens and management practices have greatly expanded, and the international importance of many pathogens has changed. With nearly 200 color photographs, this practical reference will help growers and their advisors make accurate diagnoses and improve disease control. The compendium includes many diagrams that illustrate symptoms and causal agents of diseases. To order call 1-800-328-7560 or view https://www.shopapspress.org/comofpotsece.html. The cost is $49.

2001 Field Research Reports from WSU-Mount Vernon Now Published

The 2001 volumes of Fungicide and Nematicide Tests and Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases include reports of field research done at WSU-Mount Vernon. Contact Debbie Inglis (dainglis@wsu.edu) or Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu) if you wish to have further information about the following:
F&N Tests 57: V013. Evaluation of fungicides for control of white mold and ringspot on Brussels sprouts seed crop, 2000-2001.
F&N Tests 57: V022. Evaluation of metam-sodium for controlling clubroot in transplanted cauliflower by rotovate-and-roll and spray-blade fumigation, 2001.
F&N Tests 57: V059. Altering foliar fungicide applications by using improved host resistance to control late blight on potato, 2001.
B&C Tests 17: PT02. Evaluation of potato germplasm for resistance to late blight, 2001.

VEGETABLE DISEASES/ISSUES

Many Biological Control Products Are Now on the Market

Many biocontrol products are either coming on the market or are now registered for the management of plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi and nematodes. Although many of these products have not been directly tested in vegetable field settings in Washington, their efficacy relative to currently registered pesticide products is of great interest to organic and traditional growers, and home gardeners, alike. Generally, efficacy data can be obtained from the producers of biopesticides. Also, some independent assessments of efficacy can be found in University extension bulletins and reports, and Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases. B&C Tests (ISSN 0887-2236) is published annually by The American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, Minnesota 55121-2097. For information about subscribing, contact APS Customer Service at 651-454-7250 (1-800-328-7560 toll-free) or visit the APS Press Online bookstore at https://www.apsnet.org/online/BCtests/top.html Antibiosis, competition, induction of host resistance, and predation are some of the mechanisms on which the new biological control agents are based. Biologicals in the products are bacterial species like Agrobacterium radiobacter, Bacillus spp., Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas spp., and Streptomyces spp; while, other agents are fungal species like Ampelomyces quisqualis, Candida oleophila, Coniothyrium minitans, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Trichoderma and Gliocladium. Also, some biological control products are composed of proteins which act as plant activators. However, traditional pesticides, successful application of new biological products will depend upon crop management programs where sound cultural practices, careful management of soil fertility and moisture, and host resistance are utilized. For an excellent overview about the topic of biological control, access Brian McSpadden Gardener and Deborah Fravel's recent article titled "Biological control of Plant Pathogens: Research, Commercialization, and Application in the USA" which is featured in Plant Health Progress at: https://plantmanagementnetwork.org/php/reviews/biocontrol/

Some biocontrol products registered on vegetables in Washington.

AQ 10 Biofungicide

 

Active ingredient/organism

Ampelomyces quisqualis isolate M-10

Target diseases

powdery mildew

Vegetable or herb crops

artichoke (globe)
bean (all types)
carrot
cucumber
cucurbit

dill
eggplant
endive
leafy vegetables
mint
parsley

pea (all types)
pepper
pumpkin
spinach
sweet potato
tomato

Manufacturer/distributor

Ecogen, Inc.,
2005 Cabot Blvd. West, Langhorne, PA 19074
Phone: 1-215-757-1590

Aspire

 

Active ingredient/organism

Candida oleophila I-182

Target diseases

Botrytis spp., Penicillium spp.

Vegetable or herb crops

potato (post harvest)
vegetable (post harvest)

Manufacturer/distributor

Ecogen, Inc.,
2005 Cabot Blvd. West, Langhorne, PA 19074
Phone: 1-215-757-1590

Contans WG, Intercept WG

 

Active ingredient/organism

Coniothyrium minitans

Target diseases

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and S. minor

Vegetable or herb crops

cropland

Manufacturer/distributor

US Distributor: Encore Technologies LLC,
Minnetonka, MN 55305.
Phone: 952-404-9596
www.encoretechllc.com

Deny

 

Active ingredient/organism

Burkholderia cepacia type Wisconsin

Target diseases

Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Fusarium, and disease caused by lesion, spiral, lance, and sting nematodes

Vegetable or herb crops

alfalfa
artichoke (Globe)
artichoke(Jerusalem)
bean (dry, green, kidney, lima, mung, navy, pinto)
beet
broccoli
broccoli (Chinese)
Brussels sprouts
cabbage
carrot
cauliflower
celery

Chinese cabbage
clover
corn (sweet, field)
cucumber
dill
endive
eggplant
fennel (Florence)
garlic
ginseng
kale
kohlrabi
leek
lentil
lettuce
onion (dry bulb, green)

parsley
pea (dry, green)
pepper
potato
pumpkin
radish
soybean
spinach
squash (summer/winter type)
sweet potato
tomatillo
tomato
turnip
yam

Manufacturer/distributor

Manufacturer: Stine Microbial Products
6613 Haskins, Shawnee, KS 66216
Phone & Fax: 1-913-268-7504/
U.S. Distributor: Helena Chemicals, Memphis, TN
www.helenachemical.com

DiTera Biocontrol

 

Active ingredient/organism

fermentation product of killed Myrothecium verrucaria

Target diseases

parasitic nematodes

Vegetable or herb crops

broccoli
Brussels sprouts

cabbage
cauliflower

 

Manufacturer/distributor

Valent Biosciences, Inc.
1333 N. California Blvd #600, Walnut Creek, CA 94596
Phone: 800-6-Valent
www.valent.com

Kodiak

 

Active ingredient/organism

Bacillus subtilis GB03

Target diseases

Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., and Alternaria spp. that attack roots

Vegetable or herb crops

barley
bean (dry, green, kidney, lima, navy, pinto)

pea (dry, green)
soybean

 

Manufacturer/distributor

Gustafson, Inc.
1400 Preston Rd., Plano, TX 75093
1-800-248-6907; 1-972-985-8877
www.gustafson.com

Messenger

 

Active ingredient/organism

Erwinia amylovora HrpN harpin protein

Target diseases

many

Vegetable or herb crops

artichoke (globe)
asparagus
alfalfa
barley
bean (dry, green)
beet
broccoli
cabbage
carrot
cauliflower
celery
cilantro/coriander

corn (sweet, field)
cucumber
eggplant
garlic
ginseng
lentil
lettuce
mint
okra
onion (dry bulb, green)
parsnip

pea (dry, green)
pepper
potato
radish
soybean
spinach
squash (summer, winter types)
sweet potato
tomato
turnip
yam

Manufacturer/distributor

EDEN Bioscience Corporation
11816 North Creek Parkway North
Bothell, WA 98011-8205
Phone 1-800-635-6866
www.edenbio.com

Mycostop

 

Active ingredient/organism

Streptomyces griseoviridis strain K61

Target diseases

Fusarium spp., Alternaria brassicicola, Phomopsis spp., Botrytis spp., Pythium spp., and Phytophthora spp. that cause seed, root, and stem rot, and wilt disease

Vegetable or herb crops

bean (dry, green)
broccoli
Brussels sprouts
cabbage
cauliflower
dill
kale

leafy vegetable
leek
lettuce
onion (dry bulb and green)
parsley
spinach
tomato

Manufacturer/distributor

US Distributor: AgBio Development Inc.,
9915 Raleigh St. Westminster, CO 80031
Phone: 877-268-2020, 303-469-9221
www.agbio-inc.com

RootShield, Plant Shield, T-22 planter box

Active ingredient/organism

Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain KRL-AG2 (T-22)

Target diseasescol

Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp.

Vegetable or herb crops

alfalfa (summer, winter) artichoke (globe, Jerusalem) bean (dry, green, kidney, lima, mung, navy, pinto)
beet
broccoli
broccoli (Chinese)
Brussels sprouts
cabbage
carrot
cauliflower
celery
Chinese cabbage
cilantro/coriander
corn (field, sweet, seed crop)

cucumber
dill
eggplant
endive
fennel (Florence)
garlic
ginseng
horseradish
hydroponic veg.
kale
kohlrabi
leafy veg
leek
lettuce
lentil
mint
okra
onion (dry bulb, green)

parsley
pea (dry, green)
pepper
pimento
potato
pumpkin
radish
soybean
spinach (New Zealand)
squash (winter & summer)
sweet potato
tomatillo
tomato
turnip
yam

Manufacturer/distributor

Bioworks, Inc.
122 North Genesee St. Geneva, NY 14456
Phone: 1-315-781-1703
www.bioworksbiocontrol.com

Serenade

 

Active ingredient/organism

Bacillus subtilis QST716

Target diseases

powdery mildew, downy mildew, Cercospora leaf spot, early blight, late blight, and others

Vegetable or herb crops

broccoli
carrot
celery
cucumber
endive
fennel (Florence)
garlic

lettuce
onion (dry bulb, green)
parsley
pepper
potato
pumpkin

spinach
spinach (New Zealand)
squash (summer)
squash (winter)
tomato

Manufacturer/distributor

AgraQuest, Inc.
1530 Drew Ave, Davis, CA 95616
Phone: 1-530-750-0150
www.agraquest.com

SoilGard

 

Active ingredient/organism

Gliocladium virens (a.k.a. Trichoderma virens) GL-21


 

Target diseases

damping-off and root rot pathogens especially Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium spp.

Vegetable or herb crops

bean (dry, green)
broccoli
broccoli (Chinese)
Brussels sprouts

Chinese cabbage
cucumber
endive
kale
kohlrabi

lettuce
pepper
radish
tomato

Manufacturer/distributor

Certis, Inc.
9145 Guilford Rd, Suite 175, Columbia, MD 21046
Phone: 1-301-604-7340
www.certisusa.com

Excerpts of this article are from McSpadden-Gardener and Fravel at: https://plantmanagementnetwork.org/php/reviews/biocontrol/

A comprehensive list of all materials approved by Washington State Department of Agriculture for use in organic production and handling, is at: https://www.wa.gov/agr/fsah/organic/ofp.htm

To keep up-to-date about biological and other types of products registered in Washington for plant disease control, check the PICOL website at: https://picol.cahe.wsu.edu/labels/Labels.php

Our pages provide links to external sites for the convenience of users. WSU Extension does not manage these external sites, nor does Extension review, control, or take responsibility for the content of these sites. These external sites do not implicitly or explicitly represent official positions and policies of WSU Extension.

WSU Mount Vernon NWREC, 16650 State Route 536, Mount Vernon, WA 98273-4768, 360-848-6120
Contact Us: Lindsey du Toit and Carol Miles