June 2002 Newsletter

---

WSU Vegetable Pathology Team Newsletter

Hello!

Welcome to the June 2002 edition of Washington State University’s Vegetable Pathology Extension Team newsletter, the second edition of the 2002 growing season. This newsletter follows the team’s June conference call when team members discussed current vegetable diseases occurring in the state, their diagnoses and control. If you have questions or comments regarding vegetable diseases or WSU’s Vegetable Pathology Team, contact Debbie Inglis (dainglis@wsu.edu) or Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu).

Pest Alert!!!

Late Blight Found on Potatoes

Late blight has been confirmed on potatoes in the south Columbia Basin. Growers in this region have been advised to monitor their fields closely, and to begin protectant spray programs on sprinkler-irrigated fields at row closure.

Late Blight Hotline Now Open

A potato late blight hotline, maintained by Dr. Dennis Johnson at WSU-Pullman and sponsored by WSU Cooperative Extension and Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., is again providing Columbia Basin growers, processors and crop consultants with information about late blight occurrences, weather patterns, and recommended control measures. The hotline is updated on a regular basis, accessible from June through September, open 24 hours a day, and free of charge. To call the Hotline in Washington, dial 1-800-984-7400.

Request Made for Powdery Mildews

Dr. Dean Glawe, mycologist at the WSU Research and Extension Center at Puyallup, is doing research on the taxonomy, biology, and pathology of powdery mildew fungi. He is seeking samples of plants parasitized by powdery mildew fungi. The samples will be used for a variety of research purposes and ultimately will be preserved in the WSU Plant Pathology Department Mycological Herbarium–the largest mycological herbarium west of the Mississippi. Each sample should include 5-8 leaves of infected host plant material, preferably dried and pressed for a week before mailing, and should include the host plant name, the location of the collection site, the date collected, and the name of the collector. Please mail samples of powdery mildew on any garden, landscape or crop plant to Dr. Glawe at the WSU Puyallup Research and Extension Center 7612 Pioneer Way East, Puyallup, WA 98371-4998. Dr. Glawe hopes within the next several years to complete work on a guide to the powdery mildews of the Pacific Northwest, a publication that will be useful to field personnel, scientists, and homeowners. Your samples of fresh material will be critical to the success of this project! For more information contact glawe@wsu.edu

For information about powdery mildews on vegetable crops, see the June 2001 Vegetable Pathology Team newsletter.

Places to Find Information

Interested in Farm Direct Marketing?

The WSU Small Farms Program hosted a professional development seminar on farmer’s markets on June 10 in Ellensburg. If you wish to receive information or be notified about future seminars, contact Vance Corum at corum@wsu.edu.

New Potato Disease Compendium Available/p>

APS Press has now published the second edition of “Compendium of Potato Diseases” edited by Walter Stevenson, Rosemary Loria, Gary Franc, and D. P. Weingartner. The manual contains up-to-date information on diseases and disorders affecting potatoes worldwide. Since its first publication 20 years ago, key pathogens and management practices have greatly expanded, and the international importance of many pathogens has changed. With nearly 200 color photographs, this practical reference will help growers and their advisors make accurate diagnoses and improve disease control. The compendium includes many diagrams that illustrate symptoms and causal agents of diseases. To order call 1-800-328-7560, the cost is $49.

2001 Field Research Reports from WSU-Mount Vernon Now Published

The 2001 volumes of Fungicide and Nematicide Tests and Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases include reports of field research done at WSU-Mount Vernon. Contact Debbie Inglis (dainglis@wsu.edu) or Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu) if you wish to have further information about the following:
F&N Tests 57: V013. Evaluation of fungicides for control of white mold and ringspot on Brussels sprouts seed crop, 2000-2001.
F&N Tests 57: V022. Evaluation of metam-sodium for controlling clubroot in transplanted cauliflower by rotovate-and-roll and spray-blade fumigation, 2001.
F&N Tests 57: V059. Altering foliar fungicide applications by using improved host resistance to control late blight on potato, 2001.
B&C Tests 17: PT02. Evaluation of potato germplasm for resistance to late blight, 2001.

Vegetable Diseases/Issues

Many Biological Control Products Are Now on the Market

Many biocontrol products are either coming on the market or are now registered for the management of plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi and nematodes. Although many of these products have not been directly tested in vegetable field settings in Washington, their efficacy relative to currently registered pesticide products is of great interest to organic and traditional growers, and home gardeners, alike. Generally, efficacy data can be obtained from the producers of biopesticides. Also, some independent assessments of efficacy can be found in University extension bulletins and reports, and Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases. B&C Tests (ISSN 0887-2236) is published annually by The American Phytopathological Society, 3340 Pilot Knob Road, St. Paul, Minnesota 55121-2097. For information about subscribing, contact APS Customer Service at 651-454-7250 (1-800-328-7560 toll-free) or visit the APS Press Online bookstore. Antibiosis, competition, induction of host resistance, and predation are some of the mechanisms on which the new biological control agents are based. Biologicals in the products are bacterial species like Agrobacterium radiobacter, Bacillus spp., Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas spp., and Streptomyces spp; while, other agents are fungal species like Ampelomyces quisqualis, Candida oleophila, Coniothyrium minitans, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Trichoderma and Gliocladium. Also, some biological control products are composed of proteins which act as plant activators. However, traditional pesticides, successful application of new biological products will depend upon crop management programs where sound cultural practices, careful management of soil fertility and moisture, and host resistance are utilized. For an excellent overview about the topic of biological control, access Brian McSpadden Gardener and Deborah Fravel’s recent article titled “Biological control of Plant Pathogens: Research, Commercialization, and Application in the USA” which is featured in Plant Health Progress.

Some biocontrol products registered on vegetables in Washington.

AQ 10 Biofungicide

• Active ingredient/organism: Ampelomyces quisqualis isolate M-10
• Target diseases: powdery mildew
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • artichoke (globe) bean (all types) carrot cucumber cucurbit
  • dill eggplant endive leafy vegetables mint parsley
  • pea (all types) pepper pumpkin spinach sweet potato tomato
• Manufacturer/distributor: Ecogen, Inc., 2005 Cabot Blvd. West, Langhorne, PA 19074 Phone: 1-215-757-1590

Aspire

• Active ingredient/organism: Candida oleophila I-182
• Target diseases: Botrytis spp., Penicillium spp.
• Vegetable or herb crops: potato (post harvest) vegetable (post harvest)
• Manufacturer/distributor: Ecogen, Inc., 2005 Cabot Blvd. West, Langhorne, PA 19074 Phone: 1-215-757-1590

Contans WG, Intercept WG

• Active ingredient/organism: Coniothyrium minitans
• Target diseases: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and S. minor
• Vegetable or herb crops: cropland
• Manufacturer/distributor: US Distributor: Encore Technologies LLC, Minnetonka, MN 55305. Phone: 952-404-9596

Deny

• Active ingredient/organism: Burkholderia cepacia type Wisconsin
• Target diseases: Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Fusarium, and disease caused by lesion, spiral, lance, and sting nematodes
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • alfalfa artichoke (Globe) artichoke(Jerusalem) bean (dry, green, kidney, lima, mung, navy, pinto) beet broccoli broccoli (Chinese) Brussels sprouts cabbage carrot cauliflower celery
  • Chinese cabbage clover corn (sweet, field) cucumber dill endive eggplant fennel (Florence) garlic ginseng kale kohlrabi leek lentil lettuce onion (dry bulb, green)
  • parsley pea (dry, green) pepper potato pumpkin radish soybean spinach squash (summer/winter type) sweet potato tomatillo tomato turnip yam
• Manufacturer/distributor: Manufacturer: Stine Microbial Products 6613 Haskins, Shawnee, KS 66216 Phone & Fax: 1-913-268-7504/ U.S. Distributor: Helena Chemicals, Memphis, TN

DiTera Biocontrol

• Active ingredient/organism: fermentation product of killed Myrothecium verrucaria
• Target diseases: parasitic nematodes
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • broccoli Brussels sprouts
  • cabbage cauliflower
• Manufacturer/distributor: Valent Biosciences, Inc. 1333 N. California Blvd #600, Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Phone: 800-6-Valent

Kodiak

• Active ingredient/organism: Bacillus subtilis GB03
• Target diseases: Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., and Alternaria spp. that attack roots
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • barley bean (dry, green, kidney, lima, navy, pinto
  • pea (dry, green) soybean
• Manufacturer/distributor: Gustafson, Inc. 1400 Preston Rd., Plano, TX 75093 1-800-248-6907; 1-972-985-8877

Kodiak

• Active ingredient/organism: Bacillus subtilis GB03
• Target diseases: Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp., and Alternaria spp. that attack roots
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • barley bean (dry, green, kidney, lima, navy, pinto)
  • pea (dry, green) soybean
• Manufacturer/distributor: Gustafson, Inc. 1400 Preston Rd., Plano, TX 75093 1-800-248-6907; 1-972-985-8877

Messenger

• Active ingredient/organism: Erwinia amylovora HrpN harpin protein
• Target diseases: many
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • artichoke (globe) asparagus alfalfa barley bean (dry, green) beet broccoli cabbage carrot cauliflower celery cilantro/coriander
  • corn (sweet, field) cucumber eggplant garlic ginseng lentil lettuce mint okra onion (dry bulb, green) parsnip
  • pea (dry, green) pepper potato radish soybean spinach squash (summer, winter types) sweet potato tomato turnip yam
• Manufacturer/distributor: EDEN Bioscience Corporation 11816 North Creek Parkway North Bothell, WA 98011-8205 Phone 1-800-635-6866

Mycostop

• Active ingredient/organism: Streptomyces griseoviridis strain K61
• Target diseases: Fusarium spp., Alternaria brassicicola, Phomopsis spp., Botrytis spp., Pythium spp., and Phytophthora spp. that cause seed, root, and stem rot, and wilt disease
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • bean (dry, green) broccoli Brussels sprouts cabbage cauliflower dill kale
  • leafy vegetable leek lettuce onion (dry bulb and green) parsley spinach tomato
• Manufacturer/distributor: US Distributor: AgBio Development Inc., 9915 Raleigh St. Westminster, CO 80031 Phone: 877-268-2020, 303-469-9221

RootShield, Plant Shield, T-22 planter box

• Active ingredient/organism: Trichoderma harzianum Rifai strain KRL-AG2 (T-22)
• Target diseasescol: Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium spp.
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • alfalfa (summer, winter) artichoke (globe, Jerusalem) bean (dry, green, kidney, lima, mung, navy, pinto) beet broccoli broccoli (Chinese) Brussels sprouts cabbage carrot cauliflower celery Chinese cabbage cilantro/coriander corn (field, sweet, seed crop)
  • cucumber dill eggplant endive fennel (Florence) garlic ginseng horseradish hydroponic veg. kale kohlrabi leafy veg leek lettuce lentil mint okra onion (dry bulb, green)
  • parsley pea (dry, green) pepper pimento potato pumpkin radish soybean spinach (New Zealand) squash (winter & summer) sweet potato tomatillo tomato turnip yam
• Manufacturer/distributor: Bioworks, Inc. 122 North Genesee St. Geneva, NY 14456 Phone: 1-315-781-1703

Serenade

• Active ingredient/organism: Bacillus subtilis QST716
• Target diseases: powdery mildew, downy mildew, Cercospora leaf spot, early blight, late blight, and others
• Vegetable or herb crops:
  • broccoli carrot celery cucumber endive fennel (Florence) garlic
  • lettuce onion (dry bulb, green) parsley pepper potato pumpkin
  • spinach spinach (New Zealand) squash (summer) squash (winter) tomato
• Manufacturer/distributor: AgraQuest, Inc. 1530 Drew Ave, Davis, CA 95616 Phone: 1-530-750-0150 

SoilGard

• Active ingredient/organism: Gliocladium virens (a.k.a. Trichoderma virens) GL-21

Excerpts of this Plant management article are from McSpadden-Gardener and Fravel.

A comprehensive list of all materials approved by Washington State Department of Agriculture for use in organic production and handling.

To keep up-to-date about biological and other types of products registered in Washington for plant disease control, check the PICOL.

Our pages provide links to external sites for the convenience of users. WSU Extension does not manage these external sites, nor does Extension review, control, or take responsibility for the content of these sites. These external sites do not implicitly or explicitly represent official positions and policies of WSU Extension.