WSU Vegetable Pathology Program

Newsletter Archives

June 2003 Newsletter
Lindsey du Toit and Debra Inglis, editors
WSU Mount Vernon NWREC
16650 State Rte 536, Mount Vernon, WA 98273-4768
360-848-6140 (tel), 360-848-6159 (fax)

WSU Vegetable Pathology Team Newsletter

IN THIS ISSUE

Hello
Pest Alert
Upcoming Vegetable Events
Information About Controlling Vegetable Diseases & Pests
Vegetable Pathology Team Members

Welcome to the May 2003 edition of Washington State University's Vegetable Pathology Extension Team newsletter, the first edition of the 2003 growing season. This issue focuses on some of the recent activities of our vegetable pathology team members, and new information that has been generated in our programs.

The Team wishes to welcome Dr. Brad Gaolach (Brad.Gaolach@metrokc.gov) and Ms. Erin Wickliffe (wickliffe@wsu.edu) as new members. Brad works as a WSU Extension agent in King and Pierce Counties, and has expertise in vegetable entomology. Erin is a plant pathologist, and has joined the vegetable pathology program at WSU-Mount Vernon. We look forward to Brad's and Erin's contributions regarding vegetable pests and diseases.

If you have questions or comments about vegetable diseases, pests, or WSU's Vegetable Pathology Team, contact Debbie Inglis (dainglis@wsu.edu) or Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu).

PEST ALERT!!!

The USDA is informing the agricultural community (http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ep/soybean_rust/) that a rust on soybean is expected to enter the continental U.S. as early as this year. The rust is caused by two different fungi, Phakopsora pachyrhizi (a more aggressive species) and Phakopsora meibomiae. The disease is currently in South America and Hawaii. Although the West does not grow many soybeans, soybeans grown as a green vegetable (edamame) may be the first place the rust will show up. Other hosts that are susceptible include peas, beans, vetch, lupine, and kudzu. There are currently no rust diseases on soybeans in the U.S. If you think you have found the disease, check http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ep/soybean_rust/detection3.html for information on collection and identification.


Figure 1. The earliest stages of soybean rust are found on the undersides of the first leaves in plants near the flowering stage. (Photo courtesy of Clive Levy, Commercial Farmers Union of Zimbabwe)	Figure 2. Chlorosis, or yellowing of infected leaves, progresses in different degrees, usually not completely until the infection is well advanced. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), (Photo courtesy of Arnold Tschanz, USDA, APHIS, PPQ, Riverdale, MD)


Figure 3. Soybean rust damage that appears on upper leaves of soybean plants when advanced.	Figure 4. Spots with chlorosis characteristic of more advanced infection.
(Photos courtesy of Reid Frederick, USDA, ARS, Ft. Detrick, MD)

UPCOMING VEGETABLE EVENTS

Leafy Vegetable Disease Diagnosis Workshop

One common request to team members is for assistance and training in vegetable disease diagnosis. Due to the number of vegetable crops grown in the state (more than 60), and the fact that most crops can be affected by at least 5 to 10 economically-important plant pathogens, the number of symptoms and signs that vegetable disease workers encounter is daunting. Yet, accurate diagnosis is a prerequisite for appropriate pesticide recommendations, management practices, and regulatory decisions.

The WSU Vegetable Pathology Team hopes to sponsor general lectures, and a series of workshops in the state about vegetable disease diagnosis. At this time, several sessions are anticipated. Topics to be covered include hands-on diagnosis training with "live" specimens of diseased plants and/or cultured pathogens, general lectures, and information on vegetable disease resources, and utilization of the services provided by the WSU Plant & Insect Diagnostic Labs. The first workshop on leafy vegetable diseases is scheduled for 8:00 to 5:00 pm on July 24, 2003, and will be held at WSU-Mount Vernon. To register, access: http://mtvernon.wsu.edu/path_team/vegpath_team.htm. The registration fee of $25 includes lunch.

2003 WSU Vegetable Seed Crops Field Day Scheduled

You are invited to attend the 2003 WSU Vegetable Seed Crops Field Day at WSU-Mount Vernon. This year's event will feature reports and field trials on research about leaf spot of spinach seed crops, white mold and Alternaria leaf spot in Brassica seed crops, weed control in vegetable seed crops, mustard biofumigant/cover crops in western Washington, and new seed treatments for the control of root rot and downy mildew on green pea.

The field day, which begins at 3:00 p.m., will be held at WSU-Mount Vernon, 16650 State Route 536, Mount Vernon, WA, on July 8. For more information contact Lindsey du Toit (dutoit@wsu.edu) or Tim Miller (twmiller@wsu.edu)

2003 AOSA/SCST Meeting

The AOSA (Assoc. of Official Seed Analysts)/SCST (Society of Commercial Seed Technologists) meeting will be held in Seattle from June 5-12, 2003. The following website contains information concerning the meetings, and registration forms: http://www.seedtechnology.net/annual%20meeting.htm. Nancy Hartshorn can be contacted for more information at: nhartshorn@agr.wa.gov. On June 5 (Thursday), there is a Vegetable Seed Symposium & Workshop from 7:30 am - 5:00 pm. For further information on this workshop, visit the website at: http://www.seedtechnology.net/annual%20meeting.htm#veg. The Vegetable Seed Symposium will contain two morning sessions. Session I will address Seed Physiology, Genetics and Vigor; Session II is titled Seed Vision Systems. The Vegetable Seed Workshop will be offered in a rotating station format on the afternoon of June 5, 2003. Participants will be able to select from stations to gain knowledge in a small group (6-8 person) format in 20-30 minute sessions. The fee is $100, with profits donated to the Seed Testing Research Foundation.

INFORMATION ABOUT CONTROLLING VEGETABLE DISEASES & PESTS

New information on vegetables from WSU's Vegetable Pathology Team members

During the past year, our Vegetable Patholgy Team members have been busy! To find out about some of their activities and the new information thay have generated, please view the table below. Team members' names are in bold. If you wish further information on a particular topic, contact their listed e-mail addresses.

Vegetable	Topic	Contact
Dry Bean	Miles, C.A. 2002. Niche market dry bean variety trial. Bean Improvement Cooperative. ISSN 0084-7747. 45:224-225. New web site on East Africa Bean/Cowpea CRSP project can be viewed at http://sustainableseedsystems.wsu.edu/	milesc@wsu.edu milesc@wsu.edu
Brussels Sprouts	du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2002. Brussels sprouts seed crop: Evaluation of fungicides for control of white mold and ring spot, 2000-01. Fungicide & Nematicide Tests 57:V013.	dutoit@wsu.edu
Cabbage	du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2003. Cabbage seed crop: Evaluation of fungicides for control of black spot and ring spot of cabbage, 2000-01. Fungicide & Nematicide Tests 58: (in press). du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2003. Cabbage seed crop: Evaluation of fungicides for control of black spot and ring spot of cabbage, 2001-02. Fungicide & Nematicide Tests 58: (in press). du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2003. Cabbage seed crop: Evaluation of fungicides for control of white mold and black spot of cabbage, 2001-02. Fungicide & Nematicide Tests 58: (in press). du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2003. Diseases of Brassica seed crops: 2001/02 fungicide efficacy trials. Pages 54-60, In Proc. 92^nd Ann. Mtg. Western WA Hort. Assoc., Sea Tac.	dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu
Cabbage
Carrot	du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L., Crowe, F., Bafus, R., and Pelter, C. Q. 2002. Bacterial blight of seed carrots. Proc. 2002 Ann. Conv. Pacific Northwest Vegetable Assoc., Pasco, WA (in press). Sorensen, E. J., and Simon, P.W. 2002. Field, Laboratory, and Market Evaluation of Nutritionally Improved Carrots with Unusual Pigments. In: Proc. International Conference on Vegetables, Bangalore, India. Sorensen, E. J. 2002. 2002 Specialty Carrot Scores. Franklin County extension publication FC02.01.	dutoit@wsu.edu esorensen@co.franklin.wa.us esorensen@co.franklin.wa.us
Cauliflower	Anderson, W. C., Inglis, D. A. and Haglund, W. A. 2002. Evaluation of metam-sodium for controlling clubroot in transplanted cauliflower by rotovate-and-roll and spray-blade fumigation, 2001. Fungicide & Nematicide Tests 57:V022.	dainglis@wsu.edu
Garlic	Sorensen, E. J., and Hannan, R. M. 2002. Crop Profile for Garlic in Washington. Washington State University extension publication MISC0369E. (revised).	esorensen@co.franklin.wa.us
Green pea	Coyne, C. J., McClendon, M. T., Walling, J., Weeden, N., Abirached-Darmency, M., Rameau, C., Meksem, K., Lightfoot, D., Keller, K., Martin, R., Inglis, D. A., and McPhee, K., June 2-6, 2002. Characterization of a pea BAC library. International Conference on Legume Genomics and Genetics, Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN. Inglis, D. and Gundersen, B. 2002. Pea downy mildew: Disease management through early fungicide application. Proc. 91^st Ann. West. Wash. Hort. Assoc. Mtg. Seatac, WA. Okubara, P. A., Inglis, D. A., Muehlbauer, F. J., and Coyne, C. J. 2002. A novel RAPD marker linked to the Fusarium wilt race 5 resistance gene (Fwf) in Pisum sativum. Pisum Genetics 34:6-8.	dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu
Onion	Costanigro, M., du Toit, L. J., Folwell, R. J. and Pelter, G. Q. 2002. Economic implications of a molecular seed assay for detection of seedborne Botrytis spp. of onion. Pg 127-130, In: Proc. National Allium Research Conf., Pasco, WA. du Toit, L. J., Derie, M. L., Hsiang, T., and Pelter, G. Q. 2002. Botrytis porri on onion seed crops and onion seed. Plant Disease 86:1178. du Toit, L. J., Derie, M. L., and Pelter, G. Q. 2002. Botrytis spp. associated with onion seed crops in Washington state. Pages 47-56, In: Proc. National Allium Research Conf., Pasco, WA. du Toit, L. J., Derie, M. L., and Pelter, G. Q. 2002. Gray mold and onion seed... A research update. Proc. Ann. Conv. Pacific Northwest Vegetable Assoc., Pasco, WA. du Toit, L. J., Inglis, D. A., and Pelter, G. Q. 2003. Fusarium proliferatum pathogenic on onion bulbs in Washington. Plant Dis. (in press). Peter, G. Q. 2002 Columbia Basin Onion Storage Demonstration Results. http://grant-adams.wsu.edu/agriculture/ 2002onion%20storage%20results.pdf Pelter, G. Q. 2002 Columbia Basin Onion Varietal Demonstration Results. http://grant-adams.wsu.edu/agriculture/ 2002onion%20varietal%20results.pdf Pelter, G. Q. 2002 Columbia Basin Shallot Evaluation. http://grant-adams.wsu.edu/agriculture/ 2002ColumbiaBasinShallotEvaluation.pdf Sorensen, E.J., and Pelter, G.Q. 2003. Crop Profile for Onions in Washington. Washington State University extension publication. (in press).	dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu peltegq@wsu.edu peltegq@wsu.edu peltegq@wsu.edu esorensen@co.franklin.wa.us
Organic Farming	Granatstein, D., Miles, C. , Stone, A. and Murray, C. 2002. Northwest Symposium on Organic and Biologically Intensive Farming. Nov. 8, 2002, Yakima, WA. Miles, C., Granatstein, D., and Koskinen, T. 2002. An assessment of organic farming research, teaching and extension at Washington State University. CSANR Report No. 3, WSU, Puyallup, WA. 25 pp. Miles, C., Granatstein, D. and Stone A. (eds.). 2002. Proceedings Northwest Symposium on Organic and Biologically Intensive Farming. Nov. 8, 2002, Yakima, WA. 48 pp.	milesc@wsu.edu milesc@wsu.edu milesc@wsu.edu
Potato	Inglis, D. A. 2003. Fungicide spray strategies for the new late blight resistant potato, A90586-11. Proc. 42^nd Wash. Potato Conf. & Trade Show. Moses Lake, WA. Inglis, D. Winter 2002. Durable resistance: One way to manage late blight in the future. Washington Tilth Newsletter: Vol 10, No. 1. Inglis, D. A. 2003. Late blight management in western Washington state. Proc. 45^th Annual Horticulture Growers' Short Course British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries and Lower Mainland Horticultural Improvement Association. Abbotsford, B.C. (in press). Inglis, D. and Gundersen, B. 2002. Weeds and ornamental plants as hosts of late blight in western Washington. Proc. 91^st Ann. West. Wash. Hort. Assoc. Mtg. Sea Tac, WA. Inglis, D., and Gundersen, B. 2003. Evaluation of seed, in-furrow and foliar treatments for control of Rhizoctonia on potato, 2002. Fungicide & Nematicide Tests 58:in press. Inglis, D., Gundersen, B., Novy, R., and Corsini, D. 2003. Evaluation of potato germplasm for resistance to late blight, 2002. Biological & Cultural Tests for Control of Plant Diseases 18:PT00602. Johnson, D. A., Porter, L. D, Cummings, T. F., Inglis, D.A., and Hamm, P. B. July 2, 2002. Late blight tuber rot: Phostrol a potential new management tool. Potato Progress Vol II, No. 7. Partipilo, H. M., Powelson, M. L. and Inglis, D. A. 2002. Seedborne Phytophthora infestans: Transmission and growth responses of different potato cultivars. Phytopathology: S63. Partipilo, H. M., Powelson, M. L. and Inglis, D. A. 2002. Responses of potato cultivars to seedborne clonal lineages of Phytophthora infestans. Phytopathology: S63. Powelson, M. and Inglis, D. 2002. Seed borne late blight of potato. Pages 147-150 in: Proc. Wisconsin Ann. Potato Meeting. Steven's Point, WI. Powelson, M., Ludy, R., and Partipilo, H.; and, Inglis, D., Gundersen, B. and Derie, M. 2002 to present. Seedborne late blight of potatoes. APSnet Plant Health Progress research article. http://www.planthealthprogress.org/ current/management/potatolate/top.htm Spence, R. and Inglis, D. 2002. Phytophthora on the move: Transmission of late blight from potato seed pieces to sprouts. Proc. 41^st Ann. Wash. Potato Conf. and Trade Show. Moses Lake, WA.	dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu
Potato
Radish	du Toit, L. J. 2003. Wilt of radish caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. raphini in Washington State. Plant Health Progress: (in press).	dutoit@wsu.edu
Spinach	du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2003. Stemphylium leaf spot of spinach seed crops. Page 169, In: Proc. of the 2003 Eucarpia Leafy Vegetables Conf., Noordwijkerhout, Holland, 19-21. du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2002. Leaf spot of spinach seed crops in Washington State. Phytopathology 92:S21. du Toit, L. J. and Derie, M. L. 2003. Leaf spot of spinach: Research results for 2002. Pages 61-64, In: Proc. 92^nd Ann. Mtg. Western WA Hort. Assoc., Sea Tac, WA.	dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu dutoit@wsu.edu
Tomato	Inglis, D. A., Gundersen, B., and Myers, J. 2003. Using improved host resistance to control late blight on tomato, Fungicide and Nematicide Tests 58: V00202. Inglis, D. A. and Gundersen, B. 2002. Managing late blight on tomato in western Washington by organic practices. Proc. Northwest Symp. on Organic and Biologically Intensive Farming: Advances in Research and Education. Yakima, WA.	dainglis@wsu.edu dainglis@wsu.edu

VEGETABLE PATHOLOGY TEAM MEMBERS

WSU Location and Web Site Address	Name	Areas of Expertise
WSU-Benton-Franklin County http://benton-franklin.wsu.edu/agriculture.htm	Erik Sorensen	commercial vegetables; horticulture
WSU-Grant-Adams Co. http://grant-adams.wsu.edu/	Gary Pelter	commercial vegetables; plant pathology
WSU-King County http://www.metrokc.gov/dchs/csd/wsu-ce/agriculture/	Brad Gaolach	entomology
WSU-Mount Vernon Vegetable Pathology http://mtvernon.wsu.edu/plant_pathology/plant_path.htm	Debbie Inglis Babette Gundersen Erin Wickliffe	fresh and processing vegetables; plant pathology
WSU-Mount Vernon Vegetable Seed Pathology http://mtvernon.wsu.edu/Seed-Path/IndexSP.htm	Lindsey du Toit Mike Derie	vegetable seed crops; plant pathology
WSU-Plant Diagnostic Clinics http://www.puyallup.wsu.edu/plantclinic/index.html	Jenny Glass, WSU-Puyallup	plant pathology
WSU Skagit County http://skagit.wsu.edu/Agriculture/home.htm	Dyvon Havens	general vegetables; entomology
WSU-Vancouver http://agsyst.wsu.edu	Carol Miles	legume vegetables; agronomy & soils

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